56)Which of the following is an example of a disruptive technology?A)digital photographyB)a new version of Microsoft ExcelC)a third generation iPodD)an all-in-one printer
57)Which of the following would NOT be considered a disruptive technology?A)instant messagingB)e-mailC)Internet telephonyD)PCs
58)The interaction between information systems and organizations isA)primarily guided by the decision making of middle- and senior-managers.B)a complex, two-way relationship mediated by factors such as the environment andorganizational structure.C)driven by the microeconomic forces of capital and labour.D)successfully managed when the organization’s existing culture and goals areseen as the driving force.
59)How does the technical view of organizations fall short of understanding thefull impacts of information systems in a firm?A)It sees information systems as a way to rearrange the inputs and outputs of theorganization.B)It sees capital and labour as primary production factors.C)It sees the inputs and outputs, labour and capital, as being infinitelymalleable.D)It sees the organization as a social structure similar to a machine.
60)According to the ________ definition of organizations, an organization is seenas a means by which primary production factors are transformed into outputsconsumed by the environment.A)microeconomicB)macroeconomicC)sociotechnicalD)behavioural
61)All of the following are major features of organizations that impact the use ofinformation systems EXCEPT forA)business processes.B)environments.C)goals.D)agency costs.
62)Business processes are collections ofA)informal practices and behaviours.B)formalized and documented practices.C)routines.D)rights and privileges.
63)Mintzberg’s classification of organizational structure categorizes theknowledge-based organization where goods and services depend on the expertiseand knowledge of professionals as a(n)A)entrepreneurial structure.B)divisionalized bureaucracy.C)professional bureaucracy.D)adhocracy.
64)A large bureaucracy existing in a slowly changing environmentthat produces standard products and is dominated by centralized managementmaking is classified by Mintzberg as a________ bureaucracy.A)machineB)professionalC)divisionalizedD)multidivisional
65)An example of a professional bureaucracy is aA)small startup firm.B)school system.C)mid-size manufacturing firm.D)consulting firm.

Report Issue1. In the last century, what historical, social, political, and economic trends and issues have influenced today’s health-care system?
2 What is the purpose and process of evaluating the three aspects of health care: structure, process, and outcome?
3. How does technology improve patient outcomes and the health-care system?4. How can you intervene to improve quality of care and safety within the health-care system and at the bedside?
5 Select one nonprofit organization or one government agencies that influences and advocates for quality improvement in the health-care system. Explore the Web site for your selected organization/agency and answer the following questions:
a)What does the organization/agency do that supports the hallmarks of quality? b)What have been the results of their efforts for patients, facilities, the health-care delivery system, or the nursing profession?
c)How has the organization/agency affected facilities where you are practicing and your own professional practice?

Assignment Details
MN551:Develop cooperative relationships with clients when teaching concepts concerning pathological states to individuals and families
Select one of the case studies below, and include discussion of your strategy for winning the patients cooperation while teaching concepts concerning pathological states to them and their families.
Requirements
Make sure all of the topics in the case study have been addressed.
Cite at least three sources; journal articles, textbooks or evidenced-based websites to support the content.
All sources must be within five years.
Do not use .com, Wikipedia, or up-to-date, etc., for your sources.
Case Study 1
Concepts of Altered Health in Older Adults
Joseph P. is an 82-year-old male living at home. He is in overall good health and enjoys taking long walks as often as possible. During his walks, he likes to stop for a cold glass of fruit juice at the local cafeteria. On cold or rainy days, he rides a stationary bicycle at home for 30 minutes to “stay in good shape.”
What physiological factors would typically increase Joseph’s risk of falling while walking outdoors?
What are the common changes in blood pressure regulation that occurs with aging?
Joseph enjoys fruit juice when he walks. Considering the renal system in the older adult, why would dehydration be a particular concern?
Case Study 2
Structure and Function of the Kidney
Rivka is an active 21-year-old who decided to take a day off from her university classes. The weather was hot and the sun bright, so she decided to go down to the beach. When she arrived, she found a few people playing beach volleyball, and they asked if she wanted to join in. She put down her school bag and began to play. The others were well prepared for their day out and stopped throughout the game to have their power drinks and soda pop. Several hours after they began to play, however, Rivka was not feeling so good. She stopped sweating and was feeling dizzy. One player noted she had not taken a washroom break at all during the day. They found a shaded area for her, and one of the players shared his power drink with her. Rivka was thirstier than she realized and quickly finished the drink.
In pronounced dehydration, hypotension can occur. How would this affect the glomerular filtration rate of the kidney? What actions by the juxtaglomerular apparatus would occur to restore GFR?
What is the effect aldosterone has on the distal convoluted tubule? Why would the actions of aldosterone be useful to Rivka in her situation?
What does a specific gravity test measure? If someone tested the specific gravity of Rivka’s urine, what might it indicate?
Case Study 3
Disorders of Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Amanda is an 18-year-old with anorexia nervosa. She was recently admitted to an eating disorders clinic with a BMI of 13.9, and although she was a voluntary patient, she was reluctant about the treatment. She was convinced she was overweight because her clothes felt tight on her. She complained that even her hands and feet “were fat.” One of her nurses explained that a protein in her blood was low. The nurse further explained that, as difficult as it may be to believe, eating a normal healthy diet would make the “fat hands and feet” go away.
What protein do you suspect the nurse was referring to? How would a deficiency in this protein contribute to edema?
What is the difference between the physiology of pitting and nonpitting edema?
Because of her weakened condition, Amanda was moved around the ward in a wheelchair when she was not on bed rest. How does this affect her edematous tissues?
Case Study 4
Disorders of Acid–Base Balance
Shauna is a healthy, fit 28-year-old who decided to go on a 2-week tour of Mexico for young singles. One hot afternoon in a small market community, she grabbed some fruit juice from a street vendor. Several hours later, she developed abdominal cramping and diarrhea. The diarrhea became so severe that she missed 3 days of the tour and stayed in her hotel room. By the end of her illness, she felt weak and tired. Her head ached, but the mild fever had disappeared, and she was able to join her new friends for the rest of the tour.
What is the acid–base imbalance Shauna might have experienced and its etiology?
What are the functions and importance of the bicarbonate buffer system in the body?
Case Study 5
Disorders of Renal Function
Fred, a fit and healthy 44-year-old, was working outside one warm summer afternoon. When he returned home by the end of the day, his lower back felt sore and he felt nauseated. His wife made him dinner, but he was not hungry and chose to go to bed instead. Fred’s symptoms progressed, and soon he was rolling on the bed with excruciating pain. He said his back hurt as well as his stomach and groin area. The pain would ease off only to return a short while later, and when it did, Fred would begin to sweat and run to the bathroom to vomit. His wife became concerned and started the car. When his symptoms abated, she helped him into the car and rushed him to the hospital.
At the hospital, an abdominal radiograph showed the presence of renal calculi in Fred’s right ureter (urolithiasis). What is the mechanism of stone formation in the kidney? What is the role of citrate in the kidneys?
Why would the administration of calcium supplements be useful for a patient with calcium oxalate stones?
Hydronephrosis can be a complication of renal calculi. What is hydronephrosis? How does back pressure occur in a kidney, and what physiological mechanism is responsible for nephron damage when back pressure is present?
Case Study 6
Acute Renal Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease
Will is a 68-year-old male with a history of hypertension. Eight months ago, he started regular dialysis therapy for ESRD. Before that, his physician was closely monitoring his condition because he had polyuria and nocturia. Soon it became difficult to manage his hypertension. He also lost his appetite, became weak, easily fatigued, and had edema around his ankles. Will debated with his physician about starting dialysis, but she insisted, before the signs and symptoms of uremia increased, the treatment was absolutely necessary.
What is the difference between azotemia and uremia?
Two years ago, Will’s physician told him to decrease his protein intake. In spite of what the physician ordered, Will could not stop having chicken, beef, pork, or eggs at least once a day. Why did his physician warn him about his diet?
Will’s feelings of weakness and fatigue are symptoms of anemia. Why is he anemic?
Knowing what you do about Will’s history, why is left ventricular dysfunction a concern for his physician?
Case Study 7
Disorders of the Bladder and Lower Urinary Tract
Alvita is a frail 89-year-old woman residing in a nursing home. She is able to move slowly around the residence with the use of a walker, but appreciates when her daughter is there to hold her arm and walk alongside her. When one of the health care staff changes Alvita, her daughter helps. Alvita’s incontinence has progressed, particularly over the last six years since she has resided in the nursing home. Alvita can smile at her lack of bladder control, however, and says that her incontinence really began when she was a young woman, just after the birth of her second daughter.
Alvita’s mobility is limited. How does this affect continence in the elderly?
Shortly after the birth of her second daughter, Alvita experienced mild incontinence, particularly after laughing or coughing. What was she experiencing? What is the pathophysiology behind this type of incontinence?
Assignment Requirements:
Before finalizing your work, you should:
be sure to read the Assignment description carefully (as displayed above);
consult the Grading Rubric (under the Course Resources) to make sure you have included everything necessary; and
utilize spelling and grammar check to minimize errors.
Your writing Assignment should:
follow the conventions of Standard American English (correct grammar, punctuation, etc.);
be well ordered, logical, and unified, as well as original and insightful;
display superior content, organization, style, and mechanics; and
use APA 6th Edition format.
To see your assignment instructions and grading rubric, go to Course Resources / Grading Rubrics.
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Please respond to the following questions based upon these course objectives:
Explain basic atomic structure.
Interpret the Periodic Table of Elements.
Analyze the principles of chemical reactions.
Apply the scientific method to experimental data.
Apply principles of measurement.
Please answer the following questions with supporting examples and full explanations.
For each of the learning objectives, provide an analysis of how the course supported each objective.
Explain how the material learned in this course, based upon the objectives, will be applicable to professional application.
Reflect back on your journey through this course and answer the following:
What topic in the course did you find most interesting and applicable?
Thoughts on your learning in the course?
Please be sure to validate your opinions and ideas with citations and references in APA format.
Please review post and response expectations. Please review the rubric to ensure that your response meets criteria.
Cite any resources/references in APA formatting that were used in the discussion – if applicable.
*Please note: There is no additional content covered in Unit 8. This discussion is the last item that needs to be completed in this course.
Estimated time to complete: 1 hour