week 2 assignment psy 600

Choosing an Article for the Article Review Final Paper
This week, you will select an article to review for your final assignment in the course, the Aritcle Review, which is due in Week Six. Each article represents a topic and area of psychology. See the attached PSY600 Article Review List to read the articles and make your choice.
In your paper, clearly identify your article selection. Analyze psychology as a science as it is presented in your chosen article and explain why you have decided to focus on this particular topic. Assess the professional roles presented in the chosen article and describe the interactions between psychology professionals and professionals in other fields, if any. Explain any psychological theoretical perspectives presented in the article and why they are of particular interest to you.
The paper:

Must be one to two double-spaced pages in length (excluding title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Must include a title page with the following:

Title of paper
Student’s name
Course name and number
Instructor’s name
Date submitted

Must address the topic with critical thought.
Must use at least one peer-reviewed source chosen from the PSY600 Article Review List.
Must document all sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Must include a separate reference page that is formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center

Deliverable 2 – Models of Quality Improvement in Healthcare

 
Competency
Explain the basic models of quality improvement in healthcare.
Course Scenario
Chaparral Regional Hospital is a small, urban hospital of approximately 60 beds, and offers the following:  Geriatric services Consumer physician referral services
Recently, the CEO has been hearing complaints from both patients and staff, varying from long wait times to rude physicians. You have been hired to design and implement a Quality Improvement Plan to help uncover quality problems and to satisfactorily resolve them.
Scenario Continued
The CEO has met with you to let you know that some members of the Board of Directors are questioning the value of developing a quality improvement plan. She has asked you to create an executive summary and an information sheet to be included in the next Board packet.
Instructions
Topics for the executive summary should include:  What is a Quality Improvement plan? Why do healthcare facilities create improvement plans? Why would you recommend the facility create and implement a QI plan?
NOTE – APA formatting for the reference list, and proper grammar, punctuation, and form required.
After completing the Executive Summary, you will create a one-page information sheet for the Board that they can use to answer questions about QI plans. The information sheet should give your CEO and the Board of Directors enough information to have an educated conversation with patients and other stakeholders on the value of QI plans. Make sure to use audience-specific language and tone on your information sheet. Remember, you are writing this information sheet for your CEO and the Board of Directors. Be creative, and make your information sheet fun and organized. Emergency room services Intensive care Surgical care Obstetrics Diagnostic services Some rehabilitation therapies Inpatient pharmacy services

FT DQ10 | Nursing School Essays

This presentation will explore several concepts and techniques within the Object Relations theory  of family therapy which,  if understood, provides a framework for looking at couples and families. Before talking about this approach to family therapy, I would like to explain what object relations theory is all about.
Object Relations Theory was originated in England by a group of British psychoanalysts, including Klein, Balint, Fairburn, Winnicott, and Guntrip.  Object relations theory was a break from Freud’s drive model, and differs from it as follows:
Freud’s  model  held  that  a  newborn  infant  is  driven  by  animal instincts, such as hunger, thirst, and pleasure, but cannot relate to others. Relationships with others only develop later in the course of satisfying  those  needs. In this sense, Freud’s model considers relationships to be secondary.
In  contrast, object relations theory maintains that the infant  can relate to others at a very early age and  that  relationships  with others  are,  therefore,  primary.  The drive to attach oneself to  an object is considered to be the major motivating force.
Since we are talking about object relations theory, this is a good time to ask what an object is.  In object relations theory, the word object is used with a very specific meaning. It’s not  literally  a physical  person, but an internal mental structure that is formed throughout early development.   This mental structure is built through a series of experiences with significant others  through a psychic process called introjection.  Because an infant’s earliest experiences are usually with its mother,  she is usually the first internal object formed  by the infant.   Eventually,  the father and other significant people also become internalized objects.
Introjection, the process of creating internal mental objects, leads to another process called splitting.   Splitting occurs because  the infant  cannot  tolerate certain feelings such as  rage  and  longing, which occur in all normal development.  As a result, the infant has to split  off  parts of itself and repress them.  What happens  to  those repressed  split-off  parts?  They  are  dealt  with  through  another important process, called projective identification.   
Projective  identification  itself  is a very specific part of object relations theory.  It is a defense mechanism which was conceptualized by Melanie Klein in 1946,  having evolved from her extensive study and work  with children.   According to Klein,  projective  identification consists  of  splitting off parts of the self,  projecting  them  into another person, and then identifying with them in the other person.
For example,  the earliest relationship the infant  has with its mother is  feeding and touching, but the mother is not always able to  respond quickly enough to the infant’s need.  Since the natural rage and longing the infant feels at such times are intolerable,  to survive these feelings the  infant   “splits   them  off” and  represses  them   from   its consciousness.  The  “split off”feelings can be thought of as  other parts of the self (ego).When  such splitting takes place,  the infant is free of the rage but has placed that part of itself inside the mother. To make itself whole again  it  must identify with the mother.  The mother may or  may  not allow herself to become the container for the infant’s negative feelings.  Even if she doesn’t, the projective identification still occurs.
The above process begins in the first half year of life,  known as the paranoid-schizoid  position.  It  is characterized by  an  ability  to distinguish  good feelings from bad,  but an inability to  distinguish the mother from the self. Depending on how consistent the mothering is, the infant may or  may not  progress to a higher level of development known as the depressive position.  In  the depressive position,  which starts at  about  eight months of age,  the child takes back its bad feelings from the mother and separates from her.  The mother is now seen as a separate  object, with both good and bad feelings of her own. The infant is aware of its own good and bad feelings.
For a child to reach this level of development,  the earlier mothering must be consistent. The mother must have accepted most of the child’s projected feelings.  A child who reaches the depressive position will, in adulthood,  be capable of experiencing,  at best, such feelings as empathy, or will at least become neurotic.
In contrast,  if the mothering is not consistent, the child can’t take back  its  projected feelings and splitting continues both inside  and outside the child. It remains in the paranoid-schizoid position or, at best, a precarious  form of the depressive position.  This type of development is associated with borderline personalities.
In the above infant-mother example, the repressed parts of the self, if unresolved, will remain repressed into adulthood.  Those parts will govern the choice of marital partner and the nature of marital relationships, and by extension the nature of relationships with children. By  the  time  the couple or family come to  therapy  the  projective identification  process  has likely progressed to the point  of  being obvious to the therapist, and will be seen in the members’  behavior toward each other.   This is usually not so in individual therapy because it often takes time to build the  transference relationship with the therapist. 
So what does this mean for the therapist?   What does a therapist have to  know   in order to work with a family, using the object  relations  approach?   The therapist needs to be trained in individual  developmental theory from infancy to aging  and  to understand that the internal object world is built  up  in  a child,  modified in an adult and  re-enacted  in  the family.  The family has a developmental life cycle of its own,  and as it  goes  through its series of tasks from early nurturing of its  new members,  to  emancipation of its adolescents,  to taking care of  its aging members,  the family’s adaptation is challenged at every  stage by unresolved issues in the adult members’ early life cycle. Conflicts  within any of its individual family members may threaten to disrupt the adaption previously achieved.  If any member is unable  to adapt to new development,  pathology,  like projective identification, becomes a stumbling block to future healthy development.
The clinical approach is to develop, with the family, an understanding of the nature and origins of their current interactional difficulties, starting  from their experience in the here-and-now of the therapeutic sessions, and exploring the unconscious intrapsychic and interpersonal conflicts   that   are   preventing   further   healthy   development.  Interpretation  and insight are thus the agents of family  change.  By uncovering the projective identifications that take place among family members, and  having  individuals take back  their  split-off  parts, members  can  be  freed to continue healthy  development.  If  further therapy  is indicated,  individual therapy would be a  recommendation.  Symptom reduction in individuals is not necessarily a goal here. In  fact,  individual  family members may become  more symptomatic  as projective  identifications are taken back and the members become more anxious.
To do this, the therapist needs the following four capabilities:
1. The ability to provide a “holding environment”for the family – a place  which  is consistent – so that eventually the family comes  to feel  comfortable  enough  to be themselves in  the  presence  of  the therapist.2.  An  ability to understand the “theme”of each session,  so that  a broad theme can be identified over the course of treatment.3.  An  ability to interpret the latent content of patients’  manifest statements.4.   An  understanding of unconscious processes like transference and countertransference.
Given those tools,  it is the therapist’s job to uncover the projective identifications in the family that prevent the children from having  a healthy  development.  Once these projections are uncovered,  and  the split-off  parts  given  back to the family members  they  belong  to, children are freer to continue healthy development. Having introduced projective identification, I’d like to show how this process  operates  later  in life-in couples and families-and  is  a framework  for doing couple and family therapy.  I’m going to  present two cases-one of a couple and one of a family-to show how projective identification works.
A male patient of mine with little ambition fell in love with a  woman who subsequently pushed him to be ambitious. As it turned out, the woman had been repressing her own ambition under pressure  from  a father who didn’t believe women should  work.   This woman  was quite intelligent and obtained a professional  degree,  yet she chose to stifle her ambition in order to please her  father.   She remained dependent on her father, both emotionally and financially.
The  husband,  my patient,  was a professional but quite  unambitious.  His  family’s  philosophy was that one is lucky to have a job and  pay the  bills.   His father had held the same low paying job  for  twenty years although he, too, had a professional degree. So why did these two people get married?   Since it was  unacceptable for  her  to be ambitious,  the wife needed someone to  contain  those feelings for her.   My patient was the ideal object because,  although he  had  an  inner  ambition,  he had no parental  support  for  these strivings.  Therefore, he was predisposed to accept and collude in his wife’s projection. 
What  is  the  effect of projective identification when a  couple  has children?   The following example shows how parents use their children as objects.
Fern  was a woman in her second marriage with two adolescent children.  When Fern was a child,  her mother favored her brother.   The  message she received from her mother was that men were important and had to be taken care of, while women were stupid and born to serve men.  Both of Fern’s  husbands  agreed with her mother’s philosophy,  so Fern spent most of her married life serving them.When  the family came to see me,  both children were having  emotional problems.   The  son was a heavy user of pot and cocaine.   His sister had emotional and learning problems in school. 
Fern had projected into her son that males were special and needed  to be taken care of. It’s not hard to see why the son colluded with his mother.  The rewards of accepting her projected feelings were too hard to  resist,  so when he reached adolescence he satisfied his excessive dependency needs with drugs. The  message Fern’s daughter received was that she was unimportant and stupid.   Why did Fern project these feelings onto her daughter?  Fern grew  up  unable to develop her own career goals  because  her  other ignored  her wishes to go to college.   For Fern to feel  sufficiently competent  and  achieve  some career success,  she had to get  rid  of feelings that she was stupid and unimportant.   So she projected those feelings  on  to  her  daughter and was then able  to  start  a  small business.  To avoid being totally rejected by her mother, the daughter colluded by remaining stupid and unimportant to herself.
Fern’s reenactment with her daughter of her mother’s relationship with her is a form of projective identification called “identification with the aggressor,”because Fern is acting as if she is her own mother and her daughter is her (when she was a child). Fern’s relationship to her son  is also similar to the relationship Fern’s mother had  to  Fern’s brother.  Because  Fern is treating her children so differently,  when they grow up they will have very different views of this family.  This explains why,  in therapy,  siblings often talk about the same  family very differently.
Notice  how unresolved feelings from childhood,  which Fern split  off and repressed,greatly affected her relationship with both  children.  What do you think is going on in her second marriage?
Now  I  will  present  an actual transcript of part  of  a  session  I recently  had with this family.   As you will see,  it illustrates the process  of  projective identification and will serve as a  basis  for further discussion.
T:  Fern, I wonder, when Donald was talking about being like Roberta and John asked him a question how did you feel?
F:  What do you mean how did I feel?
T:  When John asked Donald when he figured out that he was like Roberta and Donald said just now.
J:  How do you feel about him saying just now.
T:  And you changed the subject and I wondered what you were feeling.
F:  I don’t know.  I
T:  Donald owned up to some feelings that he was like his father and that part of what he saw in Roberta was like himself.
F:  Donald is definitely part of
D:  No but what she’s saying is that you changed the subject.  That is why she’s wondering if you have some feelings about that.
T:  Exactly.  You seemed to have moved away from what was going on here.  John was talking to Donald
R:  She doesn’t want us to be like our father.
T:  Maybe that was upsetting to you?
R:  He wasn’t good to her.
D:  Subconsciously maybe.  It’s deep but it’s there.
F:  Well, I don’t like Martin, naturally.  It’s true.  I don’t like him – I don’t think he’s a nice person.
R:  You don’t like him at all?
D:  She loves him but doesn’t like him
F:  I loved him but I never liked him as a person. I never thought he was a good person;  that he really cared about me, that he took care of me, that he was ever concerned with me.  I remember a couple of things that – I remember having a bloody nose one night when I was pregnant and he went out to play racketball and left me alone.  Things like that – He was mean to me – he had no compassion for me.
D:  That’s one thing, I’m not like my father.
F:  I’m not saying – I’m trying to say I see certain characteristics of their father in them.
T:  How does that make you feel?
F:  How does that make me feel?  I don’t know.  I guess part of it, not too good because I would rather them be above that, that is, above that anger, why can’t they rise above that anger.  I don’t want them to be like that because it didn’t get Martin anyplace in life.
J:  I have a very deep question.
F:  I don’t know if I want to answer it.
J:  You may not but how can you find that with Roberta and Donald being so much alike in personality, like Martin, how do you separate Donald’s being like Martin and accepting it from Roberta and saying Roberta is just like her father and not accepting it?
F:  Because Donald never directed his anger at me as a person, as a human being.  In other words he never – he might have been angry but he never said to me – he never was mean to me, whereas Roberta has been mean to me, attacked me as a person, Donald never attacked me as a person.
T:  Donald attacked himself as a person.
D:  Hmm.
T:  By taking drugs.
F:  But he never attacked me as a person.
D:  Never, I’m not a mean person.  I don’t have that mean streak in me.
T:  You sure?
F:   You may have it in you
D:  I don’t have a mean streak.
F:  Sure, everyone
T:  Who did you direct that meanness to? Roberta directs it out to her mother and who did you direct it to?
D:  I direct it to her.
T:  No
R:  No you directed it at yourself.
D:  Myself, yeah – I’m mean to myself.
F:  You were destructive to yourself.
T:  So what
D:  But that’s different from being destructive to other human beings.
F:  No, maybe you would have been better off being mean to me or somebody else.  Or to your father.
R:  Let’s get back to Uncle John’s question.
J:  No this is part of the answer.
D:  Yeah – I’m mean to myself.  I still am.  But I don’t destroy myself with anything – with any kind of substances, but I still am.
R:  What do you mean, you still are?
D:  I’m hard on myself, critical of myself.
R:  See, you would never think that of Donald because he walks around like he’s above the world.  He does.
T:  But why would somebody walk –
D:  But I’ve been working on that very heavily now
T:  But why would someone
D:  That’s the way I am; it’s the way I am.
T:  Why would someone walk around like that.
D:  It’s very basic – when I was on drugs and everything like that and I’m fully aware of it, aware that I’m conceited and like I have that air about me – I’m fully aware of it.  When I was on drugs I had that part to me but it wasn’t as strong as it is now.
T:  You weren’t aware of it then?
D:  I wasn’t really in control of the fact that I control my conceitedness now – I choose to put that on because I have nothing, I have nothing else now.
T:  Right
D:  It seems it’s like my only defense, to be arrogant and to be conceited because I don’t have anything else to back me up so I figure that wall.
R:  Why do you need – I don’t need anything.
D:  Roberta – because when I was on the drugs and everything like that, it was a great wall  for me to keep everybody out.  Now I want everybody to think big things.
Respond to that lecture….
Now  let’s  look at the latent content of this  session and identify the projective identifications.

Deliverable 7 – The QI Plan

 
Competency Describe different quality methods within healthcare. Explain the basic models of quality improvement in healthcare. Evaluate the role and importance of patient satisfaction. Evaluate the role and importance of the patient experience. Apply statistics to different quality methods in healthcare. Apply quality improvement methods.
Course Scenario
Chaparral Regional Hospital is a small, urban hospital of approximately 60 beds, and offers the following:Emergency room services  Intensive care Surgical care Obstetrics Diagnostic services Some rehabilitation therapies Inpatient pharmacy services Geriatric services Consumer physician referral services 
Recently, the CEO has been hearing complaints from both patients and staff, varying from long wait times to rude physicians. You have been hired to design and implement a Quality Improvement Plan to help uncover quality problems and to satisfactorily resolve them.
Scenario Continued
You have been asked to present a narrated visual report for the CEO and Board of Directors on a video conference call to share your major findings and to discuss recommendations.
Competencies: Describe different quality methods within healthcare. Explain the basic models of quality improvement in healthcare. Evaluate the role and importance of patient satisfaction. Evaluate the role and importance of the patient experience. Apply statistics to different quality methods in healthcare.  Apply quality improvement methods.
Instructions
Your narrated visual report should include the following: Types of measurements that will be used. Overall design of the survey. Identifies who will lead the QI task force. Identifies who should be on the task force. Suggestions for implementing the results of the survey.
Your narrated visual report should be done using Microsoft PowerPoint, or any other presentation software of your choosing that also allows for narration to be added.
APA formatting for the References slide, and proper grammar, punctuation, and form are required.

Personality Theories in the Psychodynamic Tradition

Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read chapters 1 through 6 of the textbook and the required articles listed with the theorist assigned to you for the discussion.  For your initial post, you will examine the contributions of a theorist who was instrumental in developing the psychoanalytic theoretical approach based on the first letter of your last name. Please see below for your assigned theorist.Freudians (Sigmund Freud): last names beginning with A through C:Hoffman, L.  (2010). One hundred years after Sigmund Freud’s lectures in America: towards and integration of psychoanalytic theories and techniques within psychiatry.  History of Psychiatry, 21(4), 455-470.  doi: 10.1177/0957154X09338081 retrieved from the Sage Journals database. 

The full-text version of this article can be accessed through the Sage Journal database in the Ashford University Library.

Szaluta, J. (2014). Sigmund Freud’s literary ego ideals. Journal of Psychohistory, 41(4), 283-300. Retrieved from the EBSCOhost database.

Topic 5 DQ 1

What is your definition of spiritual care? How does it differ or accord with the description given in the topic readings? Explain.
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social dq 5

Please re-visit Identity Models discussed in Chapter 10.  What identity model do you identify with? Ruiz identity model! What stage of your identity model do you currently see yourself? Stage 5.  When working with the Asian American population, and your current stage of your identity model, what do you see as a potential rupture in the therapeutic alliance? The post social dq 5 first appeared on Nursing School Essays.

Critical Evaluation of Qualitative or Quantitative Research Study

  Critical Evaluation of Qualitative or Quantitative Research Study 
Read:  Stevens, K., (2013) The impact of evidence-based practice in nursing and the next big ideas. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 18,(2), Manuscript 4. doi: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol18No02Man04 
Critically evaluate either Study 3 or Study 4.  Evaluate the credibility of professional citation, research design, and procedures in a research article.  Include a discussion on how this study contributes to evidence-based practice.  Study 3 – Patients’ and partners’ health-related quality of life before and 4 months after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery Study 4 – Striving for independence: a qualitative study of women living with vertebral fracture
Suggested Reading Schreiber, M. L. (2016). Evidence-Based Practice. Negative Pressure Wound Therapy. MEDSURG Nursing, 25(6), 425-428.  Stevens, K., (2013) The impact of evidence-based practice in nursing and the next big ideas. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 18,(2), Manuscript 4. doi: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol18No02Man04  Wakefield, A. (2014). Searching and critiquing the research literature. Nursing Standard, 28(39), 49-57. doi:10.7748/ns.28.39.49.e8867 Chapter 6 (pp. 131-153), Chapter 7 (pp. 157-185), Chapter 8 (pp. 189-226) Chapter 12 (pp.323-350)& Chapter 13 (pp. 351-380) In Houser, J. (2018).  Nursing research:  Readings, using & creating evidence (4th ed.).  Burlington, MA:  Jones & Bartlett Learning
Qualitative Specific Resources Houser, J. (2018).  Nursing research:  Readings, using & creating evidence (4th ed.).  Burlington, MA:  Jones & Bartlett Learning. Chapter 9, p. 229-252 Chapter 14, p. 385-416 Chapter 15, p. 419-442
Additional Instructions: All submissions should have a title page and reference page. Utilize a minimum of two scholarly resources. Adhere to grammar, spelling and punctuation criteria. Adhere to APA compliance guidelines. Adhere to the chosen Submission Option for Delivery of Activity guidelines.
Submission Options:
Choose One:
Instructions:
Paper 4 to 6-page paper. Include title and reference pages.

CuLtural divursity issues | Nursing School Essays

Diversity Situations and Cultural Dilemmas
Let’s start thinking about your Cultural Perspectives Final Paper in Week 6. For that Final Paper, you will choose one particular diversity-related issue to explore in depth.
Instructions:
For this written assignment, think of possible diversity-related issues that could be used for your Final Paper. Remember the full spectrum of diversity dimensions that you explored in Week 1 and create a list of three unique research topics that encompass multiple perspectives. By receiving feedback on these three diversity-related issues through this week’s discussion, you will be able to choose just one to focus on for next week (Week 4) and for your Final Paper (Week 6).
Identify three different types of diversity situations or cultural dilemmas based on different types of cultural and group associations.
The following are guidelines for choosing your three separate diversity-related issues:

Select topics that are reflective of diversity issues as we have been discussing in this course.
The situations or dilemmas should demonstrate a cultural clash between at least two socio-cultural groups and have the potential for debate.
Select topics that are current and possibly in the news.
Select topics that can be researched to find out about them more in-depth.

Here is a helpful video from our HelpNow selectionthat will guide you through our library.
In addition to readings, media, website resources, and personal experiences, use ProQuest and EBSCOhost to find appropriate scholarly articles (review the Library Tour to get started). You will need to find three articles in total, and both databases should be used (at least one article per database) to support your responses for the questions. View the “Searching Techniques” webinars associated with both research databases if you have not done so already.
The paper should be approximately 660-1320 words in length, not including the title page.
For each of the three topics, briefly discuss the following:

Describe the diversity situation or cultural dilemma and your interest in this topic.
Describe the cultural groups impacted by this topic.
What are some of the societal and historical forces which might have created this situation or dilemma?
Provide one argument from each perspective regarding the topic.
Cite the articles that you found using ProQuest and EBSCOhost (use this APA formatted templatefor assistance).

Professional Capstone and practicum – Nursing Essay Tutors

Benchmark – Professional Capstone and Practicum Reflective Journal 
Students are required to maintain weekly reflective narratives throughout the course to combine into one course-long reflective journal that integrates leadership and inquiry into current practice as it applies to the Professional Capstone and Practicum course.
In your journal, you will reflect on the personal knowledge and skills gained throughout this course. The journal should address a variable combination of the following, depending on your specific practice immersion clinical experiences: New practice approaches Intraprofessional collaboration Health care delivery and clinical systems Ethical considerations in health care Population health concerns The role of technology in improving health care outcomes Health policy Leadership and economic models Health disparities
Students will outline what they have discovered about their professional practice, personal strengths and weaknesses that surfaced, additional resources and abilities that could be introduced to a given situation to influence optimal outcomes, and finally, how the student met the competencies aligned to this course.
While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and in-text citations and references should be presented using APA documentation guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.