Tag Archive for: nursing

– Capstone Change Project Objectives 

Benchmark – Capstone Change Project Objectives

Review your problem or issue and the cultural assessment. Consider how the findings connect to your topic and intervention for your capstone change project. Write a list of three to five objectives for your proposed intervention. Below each objective, provide a one or two sentence rationale.

After writing your objectives, provide a rationale for how your proposed project and objectives advocate for autonomy and social justice for individuals and diverse populations.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are not required to submit this assignment to Turnitin.

Benchmark Information

This benchmark assignment assesses the following programmatic competencies:

RN to BSN

1.5:  Advocate for autonomy and social justice for individuals and diverse populations

Interview

This assignment requires you to interview one person and requires an analysis of your interview experience.

Part I: Interview

Select a patient, a family member, or a friend to interview. Be sure to focus on the interviewee’s experience as a patient, regardless of whom you choose to interview.

Review The Joint Commission resource found in topic materials, which provides some guidelines for creating spiritual assessment tools for evaluating the spiritual needs of patients. Using this resource and any other guidelines/examples that you can find, create your own tool for assessing the spiritual needs of patients.

Your spiritual needs assessment survey must include a minimum of five questions that can be answered during the interview. During the interview, document the interviewee’s responses.

The transcript should include the questions asked and the answers provided. Be sure to record the responses during the interview by taking detailed notes. Omit specific names and other personal information through which the interviewee can be determined.

Part II: Analysis

Write a 500-750 word analysis of your interview experience. Be sure to exclude specific names and other personal information from the interview. Instead, provide demographics such as sex, age, ethnicity, and religion. Include the following in your response:

  1. What went well?
  2. Were there any barriers or challenges that inhibited your ability to complete the assessment tool? How would you address these in the future or change your assessment to better address these challenges?
  3. How can this tool assist you in providing appropriate interventions to meet the needs of your patient?
  4. Did you discover that illness and stress amplified the spiritual concern and needs of your interviewee? Explain your answer with examples.

Submit both the transcript of the interview and the analysis of your results. This should be submitted as one document. The interview transcript does not figure into the word count.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

This benchmark assignment assesses the following competencies:

CONHCP Program Competencies for the RN-BSN:

5.2: Assess for the spiritual needs and provide appropriate interventions for individuals, families, and groups.

RUBRIC:

Tool for Assessing the Spiritual Needs of Patients CONHCP: 5.2

Tool for assessing the spiritual needs of patients is present and focuses on experiences of patients. The tool uses effective methods for gathering data that produces the results intended. A clear transcript of the interview is provided.

Analysis of Interview Experience

An analysis of the interview experience is included and addresses all of the points included in the assignment instructions. The analysis shows a deep understanding of the connections.

Thesis Development and Purpose

Thesis and/or main claim are comprehensive. The essence of the paper is contained within the thesis. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.

Argument Logic and Construction

Clear and convincing argument presents a persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. All sources are authoritative.

Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)

Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.

Paper Format (use of appropriate style for the major and assignment)

All format elements are correct.

Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style)

Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.

QUESTIONS

  • Who or what provides the patient with strength and hope?
  • Does the patient use prayer in their life?
  • How does the patient express their spirituality?
  • How would the patient describe their philosophy of life?
  • What type of spiritual/religious support does the patient desire?
  • What is the name of the patient’s clergy, ministers, chaplains, pastor, rabbi?
  • What does suffering mean to the patient?
  • What does dying mean to the patient?
  • What are the patient’s spiritual goals?
  • Is there a role of church/synagogue in the patient’s life?
  • How does your faith help the patient cope with illness?
  • How does the patient keep going day after day?
  • What helps the patient get through this health care experience?
  • How has illness affected the patient and his/her family?

goals of Healthy People

Discussion Question

When reviewing the goals of Healthy People 2020 (HP2020) on its website, it becomes apparent there are implications of the use of epidemiological data when designing policies and measuring success in achieving public health goals. Evaluate the following overarching HP2020 goals:

  • Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death.
  • Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups.
  • Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all.
  • Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages.

Discuss how epidemiological practices and methods have been used to explore and advance the progress toward achieving these goals. Justify your response with appropriate language from the HP2020 website. Use the keyword HP2020 to search the HP2020 website.

Justify your response using examples and reasoning. Comment on the postings of at least two classmates, explaining whether you agree or disagree with their views.

Evaluation Criteria:

  • Discussed how epidemiologic practices and methods have been used to explore and advance the progress toward achieving overarching HP2020 goals.
  • Justified answers with appropriate research and reasoning by using examples and references from textbooks, the South University Online Library, and other acceptable ref

Medication Management Assignment 

Medication Management Assignment

Purpose: To gain an understanding of complex medication regimen and the importance of the nurse’s role in patient teaching and safe administration of drug therapy.

Assignment:

You will have a total of 2 weeks to complete this project.

Follow the medication regimen that was given to you for a period of 7 days. You should also attempt to follow dietary guidelines based on your probable health conditions (i.e., diabetic, low salt, low fat, etc,) as well as monitor you weight, heart rate, and blood sugars if needed. You are encouraged to start the regimen in the next 2 days, but you should not start any later than the end of the week. It is expected that you take all “medications” as directed unless you have intolerance to glucose, allergies to one of the products, or are lactose intolerant.

Write a 3 page (APA, not including title or reference Page) reflective paper about your experience. Specifically address: A) any barriers you encountered in being adherent to your medication regimen B) any barriers you encountered in following dietary guidelines C) any tools you utilized to help you complete the exercise, which could improve patient safety D) the importance of patient preferences, values and background in providing patient centered care, and E) any other lessons you learned from this exercise.

Grading Rubric

Medication schedule (completed and on time) _____40

Reflective paper (with all required components)  _____40

Grammar/spelling/APA format _____10

Survey completion _____10

Total  _____10

These are the names of medications the patient is taking the diagnosis for these drug will be hypertension and diabetes.

Digoxin 0.125 mg tabs,

Take 1 tab by mouth daily.

Hydrochlothiazide 25 mg tabs

Take 1 tablet by mouth twice daily.

Glyburide 3mg tabs

Take 1 tablet by mouth daily.

Multivitamin tabs

Take 1 tablet by mouth daily

Folate 1 mg tabs

Take 1 tab by mouth daily

Logistic Regression in Nursing Practice

Logistic Regression in Nursing Practice

Logistic regression is used to analyze a wide variety of variables that may surround a singular outcome. For example, logistic regression could be used to identify the likelihood of a patient having a heart attack or stroke based on a variety of factors including age, sex, genetic characteristics, weight, and any preexisting health conditions. The biological systems and issues with which the health care field is concerned represent the kinds of applications for which logistic regression is especially useful.

Logistic regression is used in the health care field for many purposes, including diagnoses, predictions, and forecasting. The three articles in this week’s Learning Resources illustrate the many uses of logistic regression in the health care field. This Discussion allows you to explore the different uses of logistic regression and cultivate a deeper understanding of the application of logistic regression in evidence-based practice.

To prepare:

  • Review      the three articles in this week’s Learning Resources and evaluate their      use of logistic regression. Select one article that interests you to      examine more closely in this Discussion
  • Critically      analyze the article you selected considering the following questions:

 

  1. What       are the goals and purposes of the research study the article describes?
  2. How       is logistic regression used in the study? What are the results of its       use?
  3. What       other quantitative and statistical methods could be used to address the       research issue discussed in the article?
  4. What       are the strengths and weaknesses of the study?
  5. How       could the weaknesses of the study be remedied?
  6. How       could findings from this study contribute to evidence-based practice, the       nursing profession, or society?

By Thursday 10/12/17, 5 pm, write a minimum of 550 words essay in APA format. Use at least 3 references from the list of required reading below.  Include the level one headings as numbered below.

Post a cohesive response that addresses the following:

1) In the first line of your posting, identify the article you examined, providing its correct APA citation. (See attached PDF file for the article).

2) Post your critical analysis of the article as outlined above (make sure to answer all the points asked above in the “To Prepare” area, bullets [1, 2, 3]).

3) Propose potential remedies to address the weaknesses of each study (bullets 4 and 5 in the “To Prepared” area).

4) Analyze the importance of this study to evidence-based practice, the nursing profession, or society (bullet 6 in the “To Prepared” area).

Learning Resources

.

Required Media

Multiple Regression

Used by permission from SPSS VideoTutor.com A division of Consumer Raters LLC., 1121 S Military Trail, 314, Deerfield Beach, FL 33442, USA

Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 5 minutes.

“Logistic Regression

Used by permission from SPSSVideoTutor.com A division of Consumer Raters LLC., 1121 S Military Trail, 314, Deerfield Beach, FL 33442, USA 

Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 15 minutes.

Required Readings

Gray, J.R., Grove, S.K., & Sutherland, S. (2017). Burns and Grove’s the practice of nursing research: Appraisal, synthesis, and generation of evidence (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier.

Chapter 24, “Using Statistics to Predict”

This chapter asserts that predictive analyses are based on probability theory instead of decision theory. It also analyzes how variation plays a critical role in simple linear regression and multiple regression.

Statistics and Data Analysis for Nursing Research

Chapter 9, “Correlation and Simple Regression” (pp. 208–222)

This section of Chapter 9 discusses the simple regression equation and outlines major components of regression, including errors of prediction, residuals, OLS regression, and ordinary least-square regression.

Chapter 10, “Multiple Regression”

Chapter 10 focuses on multiple regression as a statistical procedure and explains multivariate statistics and their relationship to multiple regression concepts, equations, and tests.

Chapter 12, “Logistic Regression”

This chapter provides an overview of logistic regression, which is a form of statistical analysis frequently used in nursing research.

Hoerster, K. D., Mayer, J. A., Gabbard, S., Kronick, R. G., Roesch, S. C., Malcarne, V. L., & Zuniga, M. L. (2011). Impact of individual-, environmental-, and policy-level factors on health care utilization among US farmworkers. American Journal of Public Health, 101(4), 685–692. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.190892

This article discusses the results of a study of how many U.S. farmworkers accessed U.S. health care. The study considered this question on several levels—individual, environmental, and policy—and used logistic regression to analyze the multivariate data gathered.

Tritica-Majnaric, L., Zekic-Susac, M., Sarlija, N., & Vitale, B. (2010). Prediction of influenza vaccination outcome by neural networks and logistic regression. Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 43(5), 774–781. doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2010.04.011.

This article describes the methods and results of a neural network study on the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine using historical data in three neural network algorithms. The article also provides a discussion of logistic regression in comparison to the neural network algorithms used.

Xiao, Y., Griffin, M. P., Lake, D. E., & Moorman, J. R. (2010). Nearest-neighbor and logistic regression analyses of clinical and heart rate characteristics in the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. Medical Decision Making, 30(2), 258–266. doi:10.1177/0272989X09337791

This article outlines the procedures and findings of a study on the use of two methods of neonatal sepsis diagnosis: nearest-neighbor analysis and logistic regression analysis. The results indicated that each method generates unique information useful to diagnosis, and therefore both methods should be used simultaneously for improved accuracy of diagnoses.

Optional Resources

Walden University. (n.d.). Linear regression. Retrieved August 1, 2011, from http://streaming.waldenu.edu/hdp/researchtutorials/educ8106_player/educ8106_linear_regression.html

“Market Expansion and Drivers Management

Please respond to the following: “Market Expansion and Drivers Management”

  • Interpret the importance of continually pursuing opportunities for growth within the health care marketplace, and identify expansion opportunities available to health care institutions through the use of Igor Ansoff’s Product-Market Expansion Grid. Provide support for your response.
  • Assess the critical pursuit of identity management and its role in helping health care entities build strong, recognizable brands. Provide at least two (2) specific examples of identity initiatives within a health care organization

Strengths-Based Leadership

Discussion: Strengths-Based Leadership

 

The task of leadership is not to put greatness into people, but to elicit it, for the greatness is there already.

 

—John Buchan

 

It can be demoralizing when managers focus primarily on the deficiencies of employees, yet it can sometimes be difficult to see beyond the negatives. Strengths-based leadership is a management approach that not only recognizes an individual’s strengths, but also draws upon these strengths to enhance the dynamics of the workplace. Strengths-based leadership can be applied to employees performing at their personal best or to those who may need redirection. In addition, the principles of strengths-based leadership can be carried over to managers themselves. When nurse managers are aware of their own strengths, they can better leverage them to effectively manage difficult situations.

 

To prepare

 

Review the article “Know Your Own Strength.” How can strengths-based leadership improve the skills and attitudes of employees?

Reflect on your own personal and professional leadership strengths. Consider how you might use these strengths to manage staff members who seem to be disengaged or problematic. In addition, determine how you might use these strengths to resolve difficult situations between employees.

Recall a time when you either observed a disengaged or problematic employee(s) at work or observed a difficult or conflict situation between employees.

Imagine that you were the nurse manager in the above situation. How might you have used your strengths to effectively manage this employee or situation? Also, give some thought to the strengths of those posing the problem. How might you have used their strengths to resolve the situation?

 

 

Post an explanation of what you consider to be your top two strengths as a leader. Then, briefly describe the situation you selected and explain how you could leverage your own strengths (applying strengths-based leadership) to successfully manage that situation. Explain at least two ways you might also capitalize on the strengths of the employee(s) involved to successfully resolve the situation.

 

Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses.

 

Respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days using one or more of the following approaches:

Suggest another way a colleague might capitalize on the identified strengths of the employee(s).

Ask a probing question, substantiated with additional background information and evidence or research.

Expand on a colleague’s posting by providing additional insights or contrasting perspectives based on readings and evidence.

Validate an idea with your own experience and additional research.

 

 

Required Readings

 

Lussier, R. N., & Hendon, J. R. (2016). Human resource management: Functions, applications, & skill development (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Chapter 7, “Training, Learning, Talent Management, and Development” (pp. 234–274)

Chapter 7 explores many types of training that organizations can offer new employees, such as on-the-job training, classroom training, and e-learning. It also highlights career development opportunities for existing employees.

Manion, J. (2011). From management to leadership: Strategies for transforming health care (3rd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Chapter 7, “Coaching and Developing Others” (pp. 283–349)

This chapter compares the roles of leader and coach and explains why some leaders fail to employ effective coaching strategies. The author discusses coaching best practices and reviews in depth one practice, the six-step coaching model.

Kanefield, A. (2011). Know your own strength. Smart Business St. Louis, 4(2), 6.

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

 

This article provides simple rationale for employing strengths-based leadership in clinical settings.

Tyra, S. (2008). Coaching nurses: A real example of a real difference. Creative Nursing, 14(3), 111–115.

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

 

The author of this article uses an authentic coaching example to explain the stages of the coaching process. The author identifies coaching strategies as well as general feelings both the coach and the nurse might experience.

Optional Resources

The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania. (2006). Authentic happiness.Retrieved from https://www.authentichappiness.sas.upenn.edu/

Ellisen, K. (2011). Mentoring smart. Nursing Management, 42(8), 12–16.

Meister, J. C., & Willyerd, K. (2010). Mentoring millennials. Harvard Business Review, 88(5), 68–72.

Honeyguide birds

As their names imply, the honeyguide bird and the honey badger both share an affinity for honey. Honeyguide birds specialize in finding beehives but struggle to access the honey within. Honey badgers are well-equipped to raid beehives but cannot always find them. However, these two honey-loving species have learned to collaborate on an effective means to meet their objectives. The honeyguide bird guides honey badgers to newly discovered hives. Once the honey badger has ransacked the hive, the honey guide bird safely enters to enjoy the leftover honey.

Much like honeyguide birds and honey badgers, nurses and health professionals from other specialty areas can—and should—collaborate to design effective programs. Nurses bring specialties to the table that make them natural partners to professionals with different specialties. When nurses take the requisite leadership in becoming involved throughout the healthcare system, these partnerships can better design and deliver highly effective programs that meet objectives.

In this Assignment, you will practice this type of leadership by advocating for a healthcare program. Equally as important, you will advocate for a collaborative role of the nurse in the design and implementation of this program. To do this, assume you are preparing to be interviewed by a professional organization/publication regarding your thoughts on the role of the nurse in the design and implementation of new healthcare programs.

To Prepare:

  • Review the Resources and reflect on your thinking regarding the role of the nurse in the design and implementation of new healthcare programs.
  • Select a healthcare program within your practice and consider the design and implementation of this program.
  • Reflect on advocacy efforts and the role of the nurse in relation to healthcare program design and implementation.
  • Review the User Guide for Uploading Media in your Blackboard Classroom by accessing the Kaltura Media Uploader on the Left Navigation Bar in preparation to record your narrated video or audio for this Assignment.

The Assignment: (2–3 pages)

In a 2- to 3-page paper, create an interview transcript of your responses to the following interview questions:

  • Tell us about a healthcare program, within your practice. What are the costs and projected outcomes of this program?
  • Who is your target population?
  • What is the role of the nurse in providing input for the design of this healthcare program? Can you provide examples?
  • What is your role as an advocate for your target population for this healthcare program? Do you have input into design decisions? How else do you impact design?
  • What is the role of the nurse in healthcare program implementation? How does this role vary between design and implementation of healthcare programs? Can you provide examples?
  • Who are the members of a healthcare team that you believe are most needed to implement a program? Can you explain why?

plastic surgery

The essay is suppose to be about the culture of plastic surgery and women

The essay needs to have the exact questions answered from this below:

Please provide the following information about your culture:

Content

Introduction with a thesis statement

Provide a brief history of your culture

Explain how your chosen culture is represented in the United States

Is your culture individualistic or collectivistic? Provide at least one example

What are some of the artistic (art, music, architecture, dance) contributions of your culture?

What are some values of your culture? Provide at least three examples

Discuss your culture’s religion(s)? Include name and basic belief system of at least one of the major faiths

What are some of the sex and gender role differences in your culture? Provide at least three examples

Discuss what we would need to know to acculturate into your culture (if a past one, what would we need to do for preparing for our time machine to fit in). Provide at least one concrete suggestion

Conclusion

Specific Paper Requirements:

Four page minimum: six page maximum (Times New Roman; One inch margins; Font 12; Double-spaced)

Quality of writing: must contain in-text citations in APA format

Spelling & Grammar

Correct APA format  http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/

Minimal Four credible sources (books, journal articles, magazine/newspaper articles, etc.) (4 points)

Paper Outline:

INTRODUCTION

HISTORY

CULTURAL CONTEXT

Represented in US

Individualistic/Collective

Artistic

Values

Religion

SEX AND GENDER ROLES

ACCULTURATION

CONCLUSION

References

The essay that I have does not really address it and I need it to address everything that I stated above,

Growth and Development of the Newborn and Infant

Chapter 25: Growth and Development of the Newborn and Infant

1. Jesus is the first-born son of Roberto and Marie Valez. The parents are very excited about the birth of their new son. They have brought Jesus into their nurse practitioner today for his first examination 3 days after his birth. Jesus was 7 lbs 2 oz at birth and 19 in. His Apgar scores were 8 and 9. There were no complications with his mother’s pregnancy or his delivery. Jesus’ parents have noticed that he has lost some weight since coming home. Marie is breastfeeding Jesus and is concerned that she is doing something wrong. They also have several questions about Jesus.  (Learning Objectives 1 and 4)

a. What can the nurse practitioner tell Marie regarding her concerns about Jesus’ weight loss?

b. What questions should the nurse practitioner ask regarding Jesus’ nutrition, and what information can he or she offer to Marie regarding breastfeeding?

c. What anticipatory guidance can the nurse practitioner offer to Roberto and Marie regarding Jesus’ growth and development over the next several weeks?

2. Steve Shell has brought in his 9-month-daughter Emily for her wellness examination and immunizations. Steve is a single father raising his daughter after Emily’s mother was killed in a motor vehicle accident (MVA). Steve is doing a great job of raising Emily by himself, but he still has some concerns about his abilities as a father. He has several questions for the nurse practitioner. The nurse practitioner’s examination of Emily is unremarkable and she is growing and developing as expected. (Learning Objectives 6 and 7)

a. What should the nurse practitioner include when teaching Steve about promoting healthy eating habits and appropriate sleep and rest?

b. What can the nurse practitioner offer Steve regarding promoting appropriate discipline with Emily?

c. Since Steve is a single parent and sole income earner, he is required to place Emily in day care while he is at work. Steve is concerned about the effects of day care on Emily’s development. What can the nurse practitioner teach Steve about child care?

Chapter 26: Growth and Development of the Toddler

1. Bill and Ted are a domestic couple that have brought in their 30-month-old daughter, Victoria, complaining of a runny nose, cough, and low-grade fever. Bill and Ted adopted Victoria at birth. The biological mother was a teenager who chose to give her child up for adoption and Bill and Ted provided financial support to ensure that she received the appropriate prenatal care. Her pregnancy and delivery were unremarkable. She has had no contact with Victoria or her fathers since the birth. The nurse practitioner determined that the symptoms are attributed to an upper respiratory tract infection (URI) or common cold and recommended that it be treated symptomatically. While in the office, Bill and Ted have some questions regarding Victoria’s behavior. They explain that she has become more defiant, repeatedly responding to their questions or commands with “no” or temper tantrums. Neither Bill nor Ted has been a parent before adopting Victoria and they are concerned that they are to blame for her behavior.  (Learning Objectives 1, 5, and 12)

a. What can the nurse teach Bill and Ted about the psychosocial or cognitive development of a toddler that would help them understand Victoria’s behavior?

b. What can the nurse teach Bill and Ted regarding promoting appropriate discipline for  Victoria?

c. What is “temperament” and how would it influence Victoria’s behavior?

2. Tenzin and Dechen have brought in their 24-month-old son, Kim, for his wellness examination and immunizations. Kim is the first child for Tenzin and Dechen, but Dechen is 6 months pregnant with their second child. Tenzin and Dechen are Tibetan refugees who have moved to the United States from India. Kim was born in the United States. Tenzin and Dechen are very focused on Kim’s physical abilities (i.e., motor skills, communication, and sensory skills). They express their desire for Kim to do well in school and be successful in business. (Learning Objectives 3, 4, 7, 11, and 13)

a. What could the nurse share with Kim’s parents regarding the normal motor, communication, and sensory development of a 24-month-old?

b. What can the nurse teach Tenzin and Dechen regarding promoting healthy growth and development in Kim?

c. Kim’s parents are curious about toilet training. How can the nurse teach Kim’s parents about toilet training with a toddler?

Chapter 27: Growth and Development of the Preschooler

1. Donnie has brought his 4-year-old son, Isaac, to the pediatric free clinic for a kindergarten physical. Isaac is the older of two children of Donnie and Mary Smith. Donnie is employed as a farrier but his work does not provide insurance and he has come to a nurse-operated free clinic. Donnie shares that Isaac enjoys spending time with his father when he is working with the horses, but he is concerned that Isaac has an imaginary friend named “Tackle.” On physical examination, Isaac is 39 inches tall and weighs 35 lbs. Donnie is a man of average height (5’9” with a slim build). Donnie is concerned that Isaac may be too small for his age. (Learning Objectives 1)

a. What can the nurse communicate to Isaac’s father about his physical growth?

b. What can the nurse teach Isaac’s father about his cognitive and psychosocial development?

c. What can the nurse teach Isaac’s father about his moral development?

2. Nina is the 5-year-old adopted daughter of Sarah and Tim Johnson. Nina is the Johnsons’ only child. They adopted Nina before her first birthday. The Johnsons have brought Nina to the clinic today to discuss some concerns they have about her development. Nina is attending a public kindergarten. Since beginning school, the Johnsons have noticed that they are catching Nina lying more. They are concerned that this may be a result of attending school. In addition, they are concerned about her verbal development and note that her teacher reported that Nina seems to be stuttering or repeating the term “um” when speaking. She also has some difficulty with “sh” and “th” sounds. When the Johnsons try to discuss these issues with Nina she becomes “very emotional” and retreats to her room. (Learning Objectives 2 and 6)

a. What can the nurse teach the Johnsons about lying in preschool children?

b. What can the nurse teach the Johnsons regarding stuttering and speech development with Nina?

c. What can the nurse teach the Johnsons regarding emotional development in preschool children?