Explain the criteria that are used to appraise employee performance. How are employees appraised? How often are they evaluated and by whom?

TagsThe purpose of the Final Paper is to apply your understanding of industrial/organizational psychology to a specific job and organization. This paper should be an objective analysis of a specific job in a particular work organization. It may be a place that you or a friend or family member is currently working.
Your paper should be based on material from the class and the textbook. You are expected to write an eight- to ten-page paper (not counting title and reference pages) that integrates relevant topics and theories from industrial/organizational psychology. Utilize a minimum of three scholarly, peer-reviewed sources document in APA style, as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Be sure to address the following discussion points in your paper:
Describe the organization as a whole and a specific job within this organization. Is there a formal job description? Include a complete job description (if available) as an appendix. Does this organization use a formal job analysis? If so, describe it.
Explain how employees are recruited and selected by the organization. Do they use tests, interviews or application blanks? If there is a standard application, include a copy with your paper as an appendix). Is there a formal job evaluation that determines the appropriate pay levels for different jobs and employees?
Explain the criteria that are used to appraise employee performance. How are employees appraised? How often are they evaluated and by whom?
Discuss the kinds of training/development which are a part of this job. How effective is the training?
Describe some of the specific stressors in this job and the company’s communication process.
Discuss how the organization or your specific supervisor motivates his/her employees. What motivation theory best seems to apply? Identify the leadership approach or theory which best explains this organization and discuss how it is applied.
Describe some of the various groups that exist in your workplace. What factors affect group performance in your job? Use at least one theory in your analysis of this setting.
Describe changes you would suggest for improving this job and/or organization.

 

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What are the ethical and legal implications? What does the professional literature say about how communication devices can support safe nursing practice?

Use of Personal Communication Devices in Patient Care Settings (graded)
How can the use of the nurse’s personal communication device(s) impact patient care positively and/or negatively? What are the ethical and legal implications? What does the professional literature say about how communication devices can support safe nursing practice?
RespondTopic responsesDiscussionExpand AllMoreSort By:RE: USE OF PERSONAL COMMUNICATION DEVICES IN PATIENT CARE SETTINGSHello Class,
In the ADN program in which I teach, our student use an app called Nursing Central on their phones. It has disease, drug and lab information readily available to them in the clinical area. When they first started to use it on their clinical rotations a few years ago, hospital staff were quite wary of this, thinking that the students were using their phones for personal purposes. Since then, I see nurses in both acute and long term care using their smart phones to look up patient related information.
What’s the policy where you work? Is staff use of personal devices getting in the way of patient care?
Or, if you are more recently a student, what was the policy at your sc

 

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What racial, ethnic, or geographic population are you basing this application on? What types of issues related to health equity are reported in the population you selected for this application?

Health disparities and the social determinants of health can be influenced by many factors, some obvious and some you may never have considered until now. What does health equity mean to you? What can be done to improve the health of vulnerable populations in your community, nationally, and even globally?
To prepare for this Application Assignment, Think about your community, and particularly the vulnerable populations and their health risks, as you answer the questions in this week’s application. Find at least two additional resources to add information to your application. One resource should be from a recent (last 5 years) peer-reviewed journal. For suggestions to help with your search, visit the Library http://library.waldenu.edu/908.htm. The other additional resource should be from an online source with “.edu”, “.org”, or “.gov” in the web address to ensure you are accessing a reliable resource.To complete this Application Assignment, write a 2- to 3-page paper that discusses how health equity and the social determinants of health, as described in this week’s Learning Resources, relate to a racial, ethnic, or geographic group of your choice. In your paper, answer the following questions:
What does health equity mean to you? What is the impact of health equity from the perspective of a health care professional?What racial, ethnic, or geographic population are you basing this application on? What types of issues related to health equity are reported in the population you selected for this application?How does your definition of health equity and diversity relate to Walden’s mission of social justice?
Instruction:Be sure to support your work with specific citations from this week’s Learning Resources and additional scholarly sources, as required. Refer to the Essential Guide to APA Style to ensure that your in-text citations and reference list are correct.

 

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Determine his or her actual weight status (underweight, normal, overweight or obese) using the original BMI formula at the top of the instructions.

BodyMass IndexTheUnited States is becoming more health conscious, and as a result, the problem of obesity has gotten more attention. The Body Mass Index (BMI), relates a persons height and weight, and is often used to determine if someone is overweight. The table below tells the weight status for a given BMI.
BMI
Weight Status
Below 18.5
Underweight
18.5 – 24.9
Normal
24.9 – 29.9
Overweight
29.9 and above
Obese
TheBMI is calculated using the formula:BMI = 703*w/ h2 where w is the weight in pounds and h is the height in inches.Solvingthis formula for h, we see that h = sqrt[703w / BMI] .jpg”>
1. Find the weight of your favorite celebrity. This could be a movie or television personality, athlete, politician or even yourself.
2. Using the weight from part 1, determine the height the celebrity would need to be in order to fall into each of the four weight status categories listed in the table. In other words, select a BMI less than 18.5 (any value, you make it up) and find h; then repeat using a new BMI in the range from 18.5 to 24.9, and so on.
3. Using the Internet or other library resource, find the actual height of the celebrity.
4. Determine his or her actual weight status (underweight, normal, overweight or obese) using the original BMI formula at the top of the instructions.
5. How tall would he or she need to be for the normal weight status?
6. Would you consider him or her to actually be in the weight status this formula says based on his or her actual height and weight and considering his or her other physical characteristics? Why or why not? Think about why there may be differences in your calculations and the actual figures.
7. The BMI formula was created by a Belgian Statistician (not a physician), Lambert Adolphe Quetelet, in the early 1830s. Do you think BMI is a fair indication of a persons weight classification? Why or why not?
8. Summarize your findings in writing using proper style and grammar.Includenreferences formatted according to APA style if you are using any information that is not common knowledge. BodyMass Index The United States is becoming more health conscious, and as a result, the problemof obesity has gotten more attention. The Body Mass Index (BMI), relates apersons height and weight, and is often used to determine if someone isoverweight. The table below tells the weight status for a given BMI.BMI weight StatusBelow 18.5Underweight18.5 – 24.9Normal24.9 – 29.9Overweight29.9 and aboveObeseTheBMI is calculated using the formula:Solvingthis formula for h, we see that h = sqrt[703w / BMI] .jpg”>1.Find the weight of your favorite celebrity. This could be a movie or television personality, athlete, politician or even yourself.2.Using the weight from part 1, determine the height the celebrity would need to be in order to fall into each of the four weight status categories listed in the table. In other words, select a BMI less than 18.5 (any value, you make it up) and find h; then repeat using a new BMI in the range from 18.5 to 24.9, and so on.3.Using the Internet or other library resource, find the actual height of thecelebrity.4.Determine his or her actual weight status (underweight, normal, overweight orobese) using the original BMI formula at the top of the instructions.5.How tall would he or she need to be for the normal weight status?6.Would you consider him or her to actually be in the weight status this formulasays based on his or her actual height and weight and considering his or herother physical characteristics? Why or why not? Think about why there may bedifferences in your calculations and the actual figures.7.The BMI formula was created by a Belgian Statistician (not a physician),Lambert Adolphe Quetelet, in the early 1830s. Do you think BMI is a fairindication of a persons weight classification? Why or why not?8.Summarize your findings in writing using proper style and grammar.Includereferences formatted according to APA style if you are using any informationthat is not common knowledge.

 

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Describe and explain how different types of intelligence theory can be used to modify modern education or work setting in order to maximize peoples behavioral skills and cognitive performance (this section should be no longer than 150 words.

Impact on modern education and work settings by applying different types of intelligence theories to maximize peoples behavioral skills and cognitive performance
In this assignment involves how the work or education settings can be improved by using psychology concepts you have learned. Approaches to psychology, brain and behaviors, behaviorism, and cognition. Please address the following topics in your essay:
An introduction paragraph no longer than 125 words.
Describe and explain how different types of intelligence theory can be used to modify modern education or work setting in order to maximize peoples behavioral skills and cognitive performance (this section should be no longer than 150 words.
Identify and explain how the concept of behaviorism can be used to maximize peoples behavioral skills and cognitive performance in education or work settings. This section should be no longer than 150 words.A conclusion paragraph that closes the argument you have addressed in your paper and help relate how your paper towards the application of psychology to your daily lives , This section should be 125 words. I will like two include at least two references(essay with minimal citations please)Handbook of behaviorismAuthor: Kitchener, Richard F., O’Donohue, William T.Meikle, S. (2014). Embracing our Creativity: A Key Ingredient of Great Teaching. Independent School, 73(2), 64-69.

 

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Discuss 3 of the following annual reporting components what information they provide and why they are important to understand:

Fiscal Management in Healthcare Services
3 different assignments3 different Due datesSTARTLength: 2 pages
You have been promoted to a member of the management team in Kronas financial department. You have hired a new staff member who will to assist you in preparing materials for the next Board of Directors meeting in which the annual financial reports will be presented. You are required to accomplish the following:Write an e-mail to your new employee explaining the components and the process of creating an annual report. Focus strongly on how accounting inputs are formulated into financial reports and statements for the organization.Discuss 3 of the following annual reporting components what information they provide and why they are important to understand:Chairman of the Board LetterSales and marketing summary10-year summary of financial figuresManagement discussion and analysisCPA opinion letterFinancial statements (balance sheet check sales profits R&D spending inventory and debt levels over time) subsidiariesBrands and addressesFinancial and operating ratios (liquidity solvency and profitability)DonorsEndStartlength: 8 pages
Established in 1977 Krona Community Hospital is a 60-bed acute care hospital located in the heart of Banconota County. With a staff of nearly 100 physicians and specialists 400 employees and 75 volunteers they offer a full range of health care services. They are accredited by The Joint Commission.Nouveau Health a private not-for-profit health care chain took over the management of Krona Hospital. Last year state officials began to discuss Nouveaus proposal to build a new replacement hospital in Banconota County. The new facility would have 74 acute care beds four observation rooms four surgical operating rooms one c-section room a 24-hour emergency department a maternity center an intensive care unit and extensive support services including physical therapy and cardiac rehabilitation. All patient rooms would be private.You are a staff member in the finance department at Nouveau Health whose sole responsibility is to advance the success of the organization through assisting in planning forecasting and finance management.The chief executive officer (CEO) of Krona has asked that you complete the following:Prepare next years financial plan and operational budget.o Note: Keep in mind that the budget you created for your Phase 2 Individual Project did not take into account the growth of the new facility. The CEO has asked that you expand that budget and provide a finalized budget that will take into account the new services offered. The CEO has stated that there is $3 million that you can incorporate into the budget for additional staffing services maintenance and so forth.Make sure the budget reflects the following:o Increase in revenue reimbursemento Allocation for the proposed improvementso Increase in salariesDiscuss the following areas:Funding sourcesYour methodology in revenue forecastingHow the new services will impact revenueFixed and variable costsProject inpatient and outpatient visits based on current trendsEndStart
Established in 1977 Krona Community Hospital is a 60-bed acute care hospital located in the heart of Banconota County. With a staff of nearly 100 physicians and specialists 400 employees and 75 volunteers they offer a full range of health care services. They are accredited by The Joint Commission.Nouveau Health a private not-for-profit health care chain took over the management of Krona Hospital. Last year state officials began to discuss Nouveaus proposal to build a new replacement hospital in Banconota County. The new facility would have 74 acute care beds four observation rooms four surgical operating rooms one c-section room a 24-hour emergency department a maternity center an intensive care unit and extensive support services including physical therapy and cardiac rehabilitation. All patient rooms would be private.You are a staff member in the finance department at Nouveau Health whose sole responsibility is to advance the success of the organization through assisting in planning forecasting and finance management.Your Key Assignment Draft is designed to help you prepare for the presentation in Phase 5. The chief executive officer (CEO) of Krona has asked that you complete the following:Prepare next years financial plan and operational budget.Note: Keep in mind that the budget you created for your Phase 2 Individual Project did not take into account the growth of the new facility. The CEO has asked that you expand that budget and provide a finalized budget that will take into account the new services offered. The CEO has stated that there is $3 million that you can incorporate into the budget for additional staffing services maintenance and so forth.Make sure the budget reflects the following:Increase in revenue reimbursementAllocation for the proposed improvementsIncrease in salariesBe sure to discuss the following areas:Funding sourcesYour methodology in revenue forecastingHow the new services will impact revenueFixed and variable costsProject inpatient and outpatient visits based on current trendsInstructionsCreate a PowerPoint presentation of 710 slides (with speaker notes of 200250 words for each slide excluding the title and reference slides) that will be presented to the general meeting of directors.END

 

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Identify two or more wellness nursing diagnosis based on your family assessment. Wellness and family nursing diagnosis are different tha standard nursing diagnosis.

Family Health Assessment. Assignment
due 12 ET noon this sunday, Feb 7
Select a family to complete a family health assessment. (The family can not student’s.)
Before interviewing the family, develop three open-ended, family-focused questions for each of the following health patterns.
1.Values, Health Perception
NutritionSleep/RestElimination5.Activity/Exercise
6 Cognitive
7 Sensory-perception
Self-PerceptionRole RelationshipSexualityCoping.Note: Your list of questions must be submitted with your assignment as an attachment.
After interviewing the family, complete the data and analyze the responses.
In 1000-1250 words, summarize the findings for each functional health pattern for the family you have selected.
Identify two or more wellness nursing diagnosis based on your family assessment. Wellness and family nursing diagnosis are different tha standard nursing diagnosis.
A list of wellness and family diagnosis, from J.R. Weber’s Nurses Handbook of health assessment (5th ed), can be found at the following link. http://web.archive.org
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA style guide.
GRADING RUBRIC
Excellent 90% – 100%
20% Open-Minded, Family-Focused Questions for Each of the 11 Identified Health Patterns
The development of two to three open minded, family-focused questions for each of the 11 Identified Health Patterns that are both thoughtful in content and in how they support each other in eliciting a holistic view of the patient.
30.0 %Summarizes the Findings for Each Functional Health Pattern
Brief summarization of the findings for each functional health pattern for your family is supported by accurate details along with thoughtful reflection.
30.0 %Wellness and Family Nursing Diagnoses
Identification of two or more wellness and family nursing diagnoses that you identified about your family based on your assessment are supported by accurate details along with thoughtful reflection.
5.0 %Thesis Development and Purpose
Thesis and/or main claim are comprehensive; contained within the thesis is the essence of the paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.
5.0 %Paragraph Development and Transitions
There is a sophisticated construction of paragraphs and transitions. Ideas progress and relate to each other. Paragraph and transition construction guide the reader. Paragraph structure is seamless.
5.0 %Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)
Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.
2.0 %Paper Format (use of appropriate style for the major and assignment)All format elements are correct.
All formats correct
3.0 %Research Citations (In-text citations for paraphrasing and direct quotes, and reference page listing and formatting, as appropriate to assignment)
In-text citations and a reference page are complete. The documentation of cited sources is free of error.
PLEASE USE TURNITIN OR THIS FREE PLAGIARISM CHECKER WWW.smallseotools.com/plagiarism-checker/

 

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Describe how different psychotropic medications affect the CNS and their impact on the course of mental illness

Self Evaluation
Students will submit a 5 to 7-page paper (NOT APA) addressing the following topics:
1. Reflections on the counselor-client relationship (e.g. what have you learned about the counselor-client relationship; what role did the relationship play in the counseling process; upon reflection how would you have wanted the relationship to be different if at all); I have learned that the relationship has to be sincere and as a counselor empathy and compassion are the most important aspects for me to portray to clients.
2. Reflections on technical ability (e.g., what do you perceive to be your most developed skills contrast these with your least developed skills; from your perspective which skills are easiest/most difficult for you and what might be the reasons). Be sure to discuss all of your core counseling skills; My perceived skills that I am comfortable with are paraphrasing and reframing. I need to keep working on asking open ended questions versus closed questions.
3. Reflections on assessment and goal-setting (e.g. what did you learn about the importance of assessment and goal-setting; upon reflection what might you have done differently or more/less of); The most important part of the therapy sessions is to set reasonable goals for the client to focus on. This will hopefully bring comfort to them. Reflections help the client to understand their feelings. I might have worked more on the goal setting early on in the sessions to give the client more to work on immediately instead of just reflections. It is positive for the client to focus on goals and positive resolution for them.
4. Reflections on the working stage (defining strategies and selecting interventions) and preparations for termination. What role did interventions other than helping skills play in this process? Be sure to discuss each intervention (affective cognitive behavioral systemic); add your own professional thoughts please
5. Reflections on your knowledge of psychopharmacology and how this will help you in your work as a counselor; add your own professional thoughts please. Just know as a mental health counselor I cannot prescribe meds but can suggest them in conjunction with therapy.
6. Reflections on what you have learned about yourself through your experiences in this course (e.g. what have you learned about yourself as a person; how does this relate to you in your role as a counselor); and I have learned that my style seems to be person-centered therapy in that I am very empathetic to the clients and their stories. I will have to learn to control my emotions thought. I found myself feeling overly sensitive when watching all of the counseling session videos in class.
7. Whats next (e.g. based on what you have learned what are your next steps in your development as a counselor). My next steps are to continue the next year working diligently on my graduate degree. I hope to gain a lot of experience with the upcoming internship in the spring. I hope to develop and maintain microskills that will be second nature for me as a therapist. I hope to learn how to use many different approaches and theories that will be incorporated in my practice as a therapist.
COURSE SYLLABUS:
Mental Health Counseling
Catalog Description of Course:
This course will introduce you to basic skills that initiate counseling relationships and follow with the four principal approaches to counseling: cognitive affective behavioral and family/systemic. These approaches will provide the context for assessment goal setting and the integration of skills into interventions. In addition this course also provides an introduction to the understanding of the basic neurobiology of psychopathology and the different types of psychotropic medications to treat these conditions. As such this aspect of the course emphasizes the counselors role as a member of a multidisciplinary treatment team in facilitating treatment compliancemonitoring the efficacy as well as side effects of the psychotropic medication prescribed and the counselors role in integrating pharmacologic treatments with other non-pharmacological modalities.
B. Student Learning Objectives:Upon successful completion of MHC 669 students will be able to:
1. Demonstrate satisfactory understanding of counseling attitudes skills and techniques.
2. Demonstrate satisfactory performance of counseling attitudes skills and techniques necessary to develop and maintain the therapeutic relationship.
3. Demonstrate a working knowledge of and adhere to issues of confidentiality and professionalism with students faculty and staff within and carried through to clinical placements.
4. Demonstrate their ability to maintain professionalism and composure in difficult situations.
5. Begin to apply counseling theory to counseling practice.
6. Demonstrate insight and the ability to focus on the context as well as the content of interpersonal interactions.
7. Describe the basic mechanisms of the central nervous system (CNS) and the impact of mental illness on its functioning.
8. Describe how different psychotropic medications affect the CNS and their impact on the course of mental illness.
9. Identify the appropriate pharmacological treatments for specific disorders.
10. Identify and monitor the signs of effective psychopharmacological treatment.
11. Identify and monitor side effects of psychopharmacological treatment.
12. Demonstrate an ability to be a valuable member of a treatment team or case conference.
13. Demonstrate effective consultative skills regarding psychotropic medication.
14. Demonstrate evidence of self-awareness with regard to biases fears concerns and personal circumstances and their potential impact on counseling and the therapeutic relationship.
C. Outline of Course Content CACREP Standard Course Calendar and Topics:
Counseling Skills:
Ethics Multi-Cultural Competence and WellnessAttending and Observation Skills: Basic CommunicationQuestions: Opening CommunicationEncouraging Paraphrasing & Summarizing: Skills of Active ListeningObserving & Reflecting Feelings: A Foundation of Client ExperiencingHow to Conduct an Interview Using only Listening SkillsThe Skill of Confrontation: Supporting While ChallengingFocusing the Interview: Exploring the Story from Multiple PerspectivesReflection of Meaning and Interpretation/Reframing: Helping Clients Restore Their LivesSelf-Disclosure and Feedback: Bringing Immediacy into the InterviewLogical Consequences Information/Psychoeducation and Directives: Helping Clients Move to ActionDecisional Counseling Skill Integration Treatment Plans and Case ManagementApplications of Microskills: Cognitive-Behavioral Crisis Counseling and Brief Interviewing and CounselingDetermining Personal Style: Self Evaluation and the FutureClinical Psychopharmacology for Mental Health Practitioners:Integrated ModelsNeurobiologyPharmacologyPreliminary Diagnostic ConsiderationsDepressive DisordersBipolar DisordersAnxiety DisordersObsessive-Compulsive DisorderPsychotic DisordersPost-Traumatic Stress DisorderBorderline Personality DisorderSubstance-Related DisordersAntidepressant MedicationsBipolar MedicationsAntianxiety MedicationsAntipsychotic MedicationsChild and Adolescent Psychopharmacology
D. Means of Assessing Student Learning:Clinical Mental Health Counseling Standard Grading Scale:A = 1000-930 points A = 929-900 points B + = 899-870 points B = 869-830 pointsB = 829-800 points C + = 799-770 points C = 769-700 points F = 699 points or lessPoints of Assessment Date Due How much of total grade Which Learning Objective will this assessment meet?Journals Weekly online 7% 6 14Chapter Quizzes Weekly online 18% 7-11Skills Demonstration Week 3 online 5% 2 12Psychopharmacology Research Paper Week 4 online 10% 7-10Midterm Evaluation of Counseling Skills Start of Residency 12.5% 2 5Mock Counseling Dyad Week 6 online 5% 1-6 12-14Self-Evaluation Paper End of Residency 12.5% 1 5 6 13 14Final Evaluation of Counseling Skills End of Residency 15% 2 5Class Participation Weekly 15% 4 6 12As per the 2013-2014 Mental Health Counseling handbook a student earning a C- or lower (i.e. an F) in any course is required to repeat the course; a student may carry a maximum of two C grades on their transcript during the program EXCEPT in the following core courses where a B- or better MUST be achieved in MHC 650 MHC 631 MHC 600 MHC 620 MHC 605 MHC 669 MHC 670.
Course Format:
The class will utilize Blackboard to maximize the time and potential for learning. This course combines classroom experiences as well as independent work (done before the residency Nov 18-23). The clinical skills portion of theMidterm Evaluation of Counseling Skills (125 points); near start of ResidencyThis is an evaluation by the course instructor of a 20-minute counseling practice session performed in class. Your grade will be based on the quality of your counseling skills demonstrated in the class. Feedback will include an evaluation of your progress on the Prepracticum Clinical Skills Evaluation Form. Guidelines and a grading rubric will be provided.Mock Counseling Dyad (50 points); Due Week 6 online:Students will participate in a Role-Play Practice Session with a volunteer mock client of your choice. The session is expected to last 30 minutes and should focus on the development and/or enhancement of your microskills as discussed in the text. This session is practice for upcoming clinical experience and it is a way to show the instructor that you are ready to go into the field for your placements. Therefore it is to be taken seriously. You will record the session and select a 10-minute segment to be uploaded to a private class YouTube account and linked to on Blackboard for review by your Instructor and peers. Students will be assigned to Peer Review Groups and are expected to review each others videos and provide constructive feedback on Blackboard.Final Evaluation of Counseling Skills. (150 points) end of Residency:This is an evaluation by the course instructor of a 20-minute counseling practice session performed in class. Your grade will be based on the quality of your counseling skills demonstrated in the class. Feedback will include an evaluation of your progress on the Prepracticum Clinical Skills Evaluation Form. Guidelines and a grading rubric will be provided.Class Participation (150 points total)
1. Students are expected to come to class fully conversant with the content of the materials. You will have ample opportunity to demonstrate your knowledge of the material in class including discussion of the readings role-plays analysis of case studies and various other activities.
2. To help you to get started you are required to post at least ONE comment for each of the discussion questions as well as at least ONE response to a classmates comment posted on Blackboard. Comments on the class discussion board are expected to be thoughtful and reflective. Superficial comments and responses will result in lower points being awarded.
E. Course Attendance Policy (Clinical) Mental Health Counseling Attendance PolicyIn your development as a counselor it is essential that you understand the importance of commitment to classmates instructors supervisors and most importantly clients. Participation is a critical and mandatory part of your education and clinical training. In the event of a serious illness or family emergency that will result in your inability to participate students must immediately contact their Professor to notify them of their situation. It is expected that each member will not only attend consistently but will take an active part in the experiential aspects of the course. Participation will affect the final grade for the course. Students who do not participate as required may be at risk of (a) receiving a lower grade; or (b) failing the course. Students who fail to participate as required and/or fail to contact their instructor in a timely manner or who do not have an excused absence will be given an F for the course.
F. Textbooks:Title: Handbook of Clinical Psychopharmacology for TherapistsAuthors: John D. Preston John H. ONeal & Mary C. TalagaYear: 2013Edition: 7thPublisher: New Harbinger PublicationsISBN: 9781572247031Title: Essentials of Intentional Interviewing: Counseling in a Multicultural World.Author: Allen E. Ivey Mary Bradford Ivey Carlos Zalaquett & Kathryn QuirkYear: 2012Edition: 2ndPublisher: Thomson/Brooks/ColeISBN: 0-8400-3456-3G. Suggested Reading List: (CACREP current (5 years) educational material)Antonuccio D. (2008). Treating depressed children with antidepressants: More harm thanbenefit? J Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings 15(2) 92-97.Boyd-Franklin N. (2010). Incorporating spirituality and religion into the treatment of African American clients. The Counseling Psychologist 38(7) 976-1000. doi:10.1177/0011000010374881Hagan B. Wong-Wylie G. & Pijl-Zieber E. (2010). Tablets or talk: A critical review of the literature comparing antidepressants and counseling for treatment of depression. Journal of Mental Health Counseling 32 102-124.Kaut K. P. (2011). Psychopharmacology and mental health practice: An important alliance. Journal of Mental Health Counseling 33(3) 196-222.Morris J. & Stone G. (2011). Children and psychotropic medication: A cautionary note. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy 37 299-306.Nyamathi A. Shoptaw S. Cohen A. Greengold B. Nyamathi K. Mar

 

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Develop Qualitative Research Questions For this assignment develop a list of five research questions that would require the gathering and analysis of qualitative data to answer.

Qualitative Research Questions
Order Description
Develop Qualitative Research Questions
For this assignment develop a list of five research questions that would require the gathering and analysis of qualitative data to answer. These questions do not have to be related to the proposals you detailed in the mini-proposal assignments of Weeks 1 and 2 but should be geared toward the generation of new knowledge in your field.Padgett D. K. (2004) The qualitative research experience revised printing. Read Chapters 11 14 and 15Qualitative Studies: Developing Good Research Questions 1
Running Head: QUALITATIVE STUDIES: DEVELOPING GOOD RESEARCHQUESTIONSQualitative Studies: Developing Good Research QuestionsMelissa A. BufkinUniversity of Southern Mississippi
Qualitative Studies: Developing Good Research Questions 2
Abstract
Qualitative research is a type of research process that is widely used to give people a voice while researching a particular subject matter. In using this research process one must understand how important it is to develop research questions within the qualitative research process. The development of research questions involves establishing research questions that are clear open-ended and researchable. The questions must also allow for the emergence of new hypotheses and additional questions as participants tell their story.Qualitative Studies: Developing Good Research Questions 3
Background
In order to satisfy a growing curiosity of an apparent educational problem to fully understand an issue within the educational field or to simply fill a knowledge gap one must take on the role of becoming a researcher delve into the existing research concerning the issue of interest and hopefully contribute findings or confirm findings of current research. To become a researcher and conduct meaningful research an individual must follow through a process and follow a set of general guidelines. This process is used throughout both types of qualitative research and quantitative research. The process involves developing a purpose developing research questions collecting and analyzing data describing the methods used within the process and presenting the information in a final conclusion or discussion section (Creswell 2005).
Purpose
As an individual embarks upon the role of becoming a researcher and establishes an area of interest or concern the researcher must then evaluate the area of interest and make the decision of whether to use the format and guidelines of qualitative research or quantitative research. Creswell (2005) explains that qualitative research is best used for research problems in which you do not know the variables and need to explore (p. 45). Quantitative research is best used for answering specific narrow questions to obtain measurable and observable data on variables (p. 47). Burck (2005) adds that qualitative methodologies and quantitative methodologies were created for various audiences and the determination of which type to use depends on the desired quality of information or desired quantifiable relationships. Frankel and Devers (2000) provide further reasons for using qualitative methods. These authors explain that qualitative research methods are best suited when the research questionsQualitative Studies: Developing Good Research Questions 4pose puzzles that cannot be fully solved using usual research methodologies. For the purpose of this paper the qualitative type of research will be examined with focus given to the aspect of developing and creating the research questions. Good research questions set the stage and establish the end result of major findings.
Review of the Literature
In order to begin a qualitative study the researcher must identify a research topic and then compose the research questions. A study cannot begin without established research questions. In qualitative research the research questions differ greatly from a research topic. Creswell (2005) explains that the research topic is a broad area in which a central phenomenon is the key concept idea or process studied in qualitative research (p. 45). The research questions narrow the purpose statement to specific questions that researchers seek to answer (p. 117). Once a draft of the research questions has been written the researcher should examine the questions to identify some common characteristics. Bradley (2001) purports that good research questions are stated clearly are researchable and involve some concept related to either theory or an applied context (p. 574). This process of evaluating the research questions should consume a considerable amount of time and effort. Farber (2006) adds that a researcher must be truly interested and passionate about what is to be studied. With this intense passion and desire to fill a knowledge gap a researcher will be more likely to follow through the research process and reach established research goals.
The research questions are not the same questions that are presented during the process of interviewing participants within the study. Burck (2005) agrees with the fact that research questions are the most important facet within the qualitative study. The research questions should be open-ended to allow the researcher to generate hypotheses fromQualitative Studies: Developing Good Research Questions 5analyzing the collected data. These hypothesis-generating questions are one of the distinguishing factors between qualitative research and quantitative research. With qualitative studies hypotheses are formed based on the research data. With qualitative studies research questions are developed to confirm or void pre-conceived hypotheses relationships or correlations. Ohman (2005) further declares that qualitative questions are open-ended and allows informants to tell their story (p. 275). Also a researcher must develop skills that allow him/her to gain trust with the participant being interviewed. In this manner responses that are not always positive will be given to provide a clearer picture and provide more details to the participants story. Farber (2006) agrees with this notion and adds that qualitative research questions are open-ended to allow the researcher to keep an open mind. These questions guide the research study but at the same time these questions allow for subquestions to pave the way for new and emerging questions and hypotheses.Bradley (2001) explains that developing good research ideas is both a science and an art (p. 569). Many beginning researchers are graduate students who have had little on no experience in the areas of research methodology. In order to gain experience and knowledge in these areas a novice researcher should draw upon one of two knowledge bases. The researcher should base his/her knowledge from a theoretical lens or an ethical lens approach. As the beginning researcher decides upon which approach to utilize in the research process educational instructors should encourage the beginning researcher to develop research questions that would expand the range and knowledge base that the beginning researcher possesses. In order to expand upon this knowledge base Bradley (2001) suggests writing grant proposals to expose students to the process of approaching research questions and pursuing those questions.
Qualitative Studies: Developing Good Research Questions 6
Frankel and Devers (2000) support the authors above in professing that the main aspect in developing a qualitative study lies within composing good research questions. These two authors realize that many researchers have little experience in composing research questions due to discovering new theoretical knowledge. In order to expand upon this knowledge novice researchers can learn to write good research questions by drafting an exploratory research question and then conducting a number of studies to clarify and define key terms. In this manner more specific narrow questions can evolve and provide a clear direction for the study. Law (2004) adds that a novice qualitative researcher may even conduct a literature review of the initial research questions or conduct a small study on the research questions in order to determine whether or not the research questions are clear and researchable.
Conclusion
As novice researchers begin to take on the task of conducting qualitative research a researcher must choose a topic that is interesting and worthwhile to the researcher. As the first step of the research process begins to evolve it is imperative that the researcher realize how crucial the qualitative research questions are to the study. From an initial topic the research questions begin to take shape. These questions are questions of wonder. They must be open-ended and researchable. Also a researcher may need to conduct a literature review to clarify the meanings of terms within the research question. It is vital that these questions be clear enough for the researcher as these research questions will guide the research study and allow for subquestions. Research questions are the ultimate foundation for a research study. If the research questions are not clear the study is sure to crumble.Qualitative Studies: Developing Good Research Questions 7
References
Bradley D. B. (2001). Developing research questions through grant proposal development.Educational Gerontology 27 569-581.Burck. C. (2005). Comparing qualitative research methodologies for systemic research: Theuse of grounded theory discourse analysis and narrative analysis. Journal of FamilyTherapy 27 237-262.Creswell J. W. (2005). Educational research: Planning conducting and evaluatingquanitative and qualitative research. Upper Saddle River New Jersey: PearsonEducation Inc.Farber N. K. (2006 June). Conducting qualitative research: A practical guide for schoolcounselors. Professional School Counseling 9(5) 367-375.Frankel R. M. & Devers K. J. (2000). Study design in qualitative research-1: Developingquestions and assessing resource needs. Education for Health 13(2) 251-261.Frankel R. M. & Devers K. J. (2000). Study design in qualitative research-2: Developingsampling and data collections strategies. Education for Health 13(2) 263-271.Law R. (2004). From research topic to research question: A challenging process. NurseResearcher 11(4) 54-66.Ohman A. (2005 September). Qualitative methodology for rehabilitation research. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 37(5) 273-280.

 

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Examine and evaluate the effectiveness and usability of Total Quality Management (TQM) in ambulatory care settings

Ambulatory Care Quality
1. Read the case study titled MinuteClinic. Predict whether or not embracing the Continuity of Care Record (CCR) standard will either benefit or damage Minute Clinics overall profitability.
Case Study
Minute Clinic owned by pharmacy giant CVS is a retail healthcare provider with more than 500 locations established throughout the country. The centers are designed to treat patients with minor injuries or sicknesses and more than 1.8 million patient visits have been documented since the companys inception in 2000. By creating a healthcare delivery model that responds to consumer demand MinuteClinic makes access to high-quality medical treatment easier for more Americans. As more patients used MinuteClinic resources one issue the company faced was how to pass medical information to primary care physicians. As Cris Ross chief information officer of MinuteClinic explains There are a number of things we do very well with physicians except connect electronically. Weve been looking for a business-to-business exchange. As a solution to this problem MinuteClinic recently turned to ePrescribing connectivity network SureScripts to facilitate this exchange. It is the first time the SureScripts network has been used for anything other than pharmacy orders and related transactions. The idea is that we already have pharmacies connected acting SureScripts CEO Rick Ratliff told Digital Healthcare & Productivity by telephone. We have an ability to identify a physician uniquely on the network. As part of this connection MinuteClinic will convert records from its proprietary electronic medical records system into Continuity of Care Record (CCR) standard format. Ratliff adds that this record can be moved around almost like a piece of mail from provider to provider and into personal health records (PHR). Now with every visit MinuteClinic practitioners stress the importance of maintaining a medical home for each patient by making information accessible to primary care providers. If a patient doesnt have a primary care provider MinuteClinic provides a list of physicians in the area who are accepting new patients. Practitioners are then able to use a multipurpose softwarebased approach at the conclusion of each visit that generates educational material an invoice and a prescription (when clinically appropriate) for the patient as well as a diagnostic record that is automatically sent to the patients primary care providers office (with the patients consent) to facilitate continuity of care.
2. Visualize three (3) patient issues that may arise as a result of implementing an electronic record that can be easily transferred from clinic to physician. Next propose a plan to proactively address any one (1) of the patient issues that you identified. Justify your response.
3. Examine and evaluate the effectiveness and usability of Total Quality Management (TQM) in ambulatory care settings. Identify one (1) potential challenge facing an ambulatory care organization of your choosing and explain how Total Quality Management may help to resolve the potential challenge.

 

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