For this milestone, you will start working on the case for Final Project I: Malpractice. Below is is a link to the case you will investigate. This link is also provided in the Final Project I Guidelines and Rubric document.

Surgery: Iturralde v. Hilo Medical Center USA
Prompt: In this milestone, you will complete part of your analysis of the malpractice case. Using this analysis of the case, you will address the facts pertaining to

the medical standard of care, breach of care, and causation. Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed:

I. Introduction:
A. Summarize the case, including information on the stakeholders involved, the problem, and the time period the incident occurred.

II. Medical Malpractice Component: In this section, you will evaluate the case to address the legal components, the malpractice policies similar to this case, and the standard of care given to the patient and how it was breached. Then, you will draw connections to how this malpractice case impacted stakeholders and healthcare consumers outside of the case.

1. Explain the key legal components of the case, including the nature of the issue and the rules that applied.
2. Determine relevant malpractice policies in place for addressing the issues within the case.
3. Analyze the malpractice case for the standard of care provided to the victim. Be sure to apply what the law states about standard of care to
   support whether or not it was breached in the case.
4. Analyze how the malpractice case would impact healthcare consumers from different cultural backgrounds. For example, would this case have a
   similar impact on a person from a culture different from the one in the case? How could this incident change the views of these healthcare
   consumers toward the healthcare system?
5. Assess the malpractice case for accountability based on its severity. To what extent was the healthcare provider held accountable?

Case below is what the paper needs to be answered.

LINK TO CASE –>  https://caselaw.findlaw.com/hi-intermediate-court-of-appeals/1597588.html

Attached below is Rubric with further instructions!!

1 Acute Conditions Soap Note 1 Acute Conditions (15 Points) Due 06/15/2019 Pick any Acute Disease from Weeks 1-5 (see syllabus) Soap notes will be uploaded to Moodle and put through TURN-It-In (anti-Plagiarism program) Turn it in Score must be less than 50% or will not be accepted for credit, must be your own work and in your own words. You can resubmit, Final submission will be accepted if less than 50%. Copy paste from websites or textbooks will not be accepted or tolerated. Please see College Handbook with reference to Academic Misconduct Statement.  Late Assignment Policy Assignments turned in late will have 1 point taken off for every day assignment is late, after 7 days assignment will get grade of 0. No exceptions   Follow the MRU Soap Note Rubric as a guide:  Grading Rubric   Student______________________________________ This sheet is to help you understand what we are looking for, and what our margin remarks might be about on your write ups of patients. Since at all of the white-ups that you hand in are uniform, this represents what MUST be included in every write-up.

1)      Identifying Data (___5pts): The opening list of the note. It contains age, sex, race, marital status, etc. The patient complaint should be given in quotes. If the patient has more than one complaint, each complaint should be listed separately (1, 2, etc.) and each addressed in the subjective and under the appropriate number.

2)      Subjective Data (___30pts.): This is the historical part of the note. It contains the following:   a) Symptom analysis/HPI(Location, quality , quantity or severity, timing, setting, factors that make it better or worse, and associate manifestations.(10pts). b) Review of systems of associated systems, reporting all pertinent positives and negatives (10pts). c) Any PMH, family hx, social hx, allergies, medications related to the complaint/problem (10pts). If more than one chief complaint, each should be written u in this manner.

3)      Objective Data(__25pt.): Vital signs need to be present. Height and Weight should be included where appropriate.   a)      Appropriate systems are examined, listed in the note and consistent with those identified in 2b.(10pts). b)      Pertinent positives and negatives must be documented for each relevant system. c)        Any abnormalities must be fully described. Measure and record sizes of things (likes moles, scars). Avoid using “ok”, “clear”, “within normal limits”, positive/ negative, and normal/abnormal to describe things. (5pts).   4)      Assessment (___10pts.): Diagnoses should be clearly listed and worded appropriately.

5)      Plan (___15pts.): Be sure to include any teaching, health maintenance and counseling along with the pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures. If you have more than one diagnosis, it is helpful to have this section divided into separate numbered sections.

here below  is the sample or guide or idea how the teacher want the homework.

PATIENT INFORMATION

Name: Mr. W.S. Age: 65-year-old Sex: Male Source: Patient Allergies: None Current Medications: Atorvastatin tab 20 mg, 1-tab PO at bedtime PMH: Hypercholesterolemia Immunizations: Influenza last 2018-year, tetanus, and hepatitis A and B 4 years ago. Surgical History: Appendectomy 47 years ago. Family History: Father- died 81 does not report information                            Mother-alive, 88 years old, Diabetes Mellitus, HTN                            Daughter-alive, 34 years old, healthy Social Hx: No smoking history or illicit drug use, occasional alcoholic beverage consumption on social celebrations. Retired, widow, he lives alone. SUBJECTIVE: Chief complain: “headaches” that started two weeks ago Symptom analysis/HPI: The patient is 65 years old male who complaining of episodes of headaches and on 3 different occasions blood pressure was measured, which was high (159/100, 158/98 and 160/100 respectively). Patient noticed the problem started two weeks ago and sometimes it is accompanied by dizziness. He states that he has been under stress in his workplace for the last month. Patient denies chest pain, palpitation, shortness of breath, nausea or vomiting.  ROS: CONSTITUTIONAL: Denies fever or chills. Denies weakness or weight loss. NEUROLOGIC: Headache and dizzeness as describe above. Denies changes in LOC. Denies history of tremors or seizures.  HEENT: HEAD: Denies any head injury, or change in LOC. Eyes: Denies any changes in vision, diplopia or blurred vision. Ear: Denies pain in the ears. Denies loss of hearing or drainage. Nose: Denies nasal drainage, congestion. THROAT: Denies throat or neck pain, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing. Respiratory: Patient denies shortness of breath, cough or hemoptysis. Cardiovascular: No chest pain, tachycardia. No orthopnea or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. Gastrointestinal: Denies abdominal pain or discomfort. Denies flatulence, nausea, vomiting or diarrhea. Genitourinary: Denies hematuria, dysuria or change in urinary frequency. Denies difficulty starting/stopping stream of urine or incontinence. MUSCULOSKELETAL: Denies falls or pain. Denies hearing a clicking or snapping sound. Skin: No change of coloration such as cyanosis or jaundice, no rashes or pruritus. Objective Data CONSTITUTIONAL: Vital signs: Temperature: 98.5 °F, Pulse: 87, BP: 159/92 mmhg, RR 20, PO2-98% on room air, Ht- 6’4”, Wt 200 lb, BMI 25. Report pain 0/10. General appearance: The patient is alert and oriented x 3. No acute distress noted. NEUROLOGIC: Alert, CNII-XII grossly intact, oriented to person, place, and time. Sensation intact to bilateral upper and lower extremities. Bilateral UE/LE strength 5/5. HEENT: Head: Normocephalic, atraumatic, symmetric, non-tender. Maxillary sinuses no tenderness. Eyes: No conjunctival injection, no icterus, visual acuity and extraocular eye movements intact. No nystagmus noted. Ears: Bilateral canals patent without erythema, edema, or exudate. Bilateral tympanic membranes intact, pearly gray with sharp cone of light. Maxillary sinuses no tenderness. Nasal mucosa moist without bleeding. Oral mucosa moist without lesions,.Lids non-remarkable and appropriate for race.  Neck: supple without cervical lymphadenopathy, no jugular vein distention, no thyroid swelling or masses. Cardiovascular: S1S2, regular rate and rhythm, no murmur or gallop noted. Capillary refill < 2 sec. Respiratory: No dyspnea or use of accessory muscles observed. No egophony, whispered pectoriloquy or tactile fremitus on palpation. Breath sounds presents and clear bilaterally on auscultation. Gastrointestinal: No mass or hernia observed. Upon auscultation, bowel sounds present in all four quadrants, no bruits over renal and aorta arteries. Abdomen soft non-tender, no guarding, no rebound no distention or organomegaly noted on palpation Musculoskeletal: No pain to palpation. Active and passive ROM within normal limits, no stiffness. Integumentary: intact, no lesions or rashes, no cyanosis or jaundice.  Assessment  Essential (Primary) Hypertension (ICD10 I10): Given the symptoms and high blood pressure (156/92 mmhg), classified as stage 2. Once the organic cause of hypertension has been ruled out, such as renal, adrenal or thyroid, this diagnosis is confirmed. Differential diagnosis:  Renal artery stenosis (ICD10 I70.1)  Chronic kidney disease (ICD10 I12.9)  Hyperthyroidism (ICD10 E05.90) Plan Diagnosis is based on the clinical evaluation through history, physical examination, and routine laboratory tests to assess risk factors, reveal identifiable causes and detect target-organ damage, including evidence of cardiovascular disease. These basic laboratory tests are: • CMP • Complete blood count • Lipid profile • Thyroid-stimulating hormone • Urinalysis • Electrocardiogram  Pharmacological treatment:  The treatment of choice in this case would be: Thiazide-like diuretic and/or a CCB • Hydrochlorothiazide tab 25 mg, Initial dose: 25 mg orally once daily.       Non-Pharmacologic treatment:   • Weight loss • Healthy diet (DASH dietary pattern): Diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy products with reduced content of saturated and trans l fat • Reduced intake of dietary sodium: <1,500 mg/d is optimal goal but at least 1,000 mg/d reduction in most adults • Enhanced intake of dietary potassium • Regular physical activity (Aerobic): 90–150 min/wk • Tobacco cessation • Measures to release stress and effective coping mechanisms. Education • Provide with nutrition/dietary information. • Daily blood pressure monitoring at home twice a day for 7 days, keep a record, bring the record on the next visit with her PCP • Instruction about medication intake compliance.  • Education of possible complications such as stroke, heart attack, and other problems. • Patient was educated on course of hypertension, as well as warning signs and symptoms, which could indicate the need to attend the E.R/U.C. Answered all pt. questions/concerns. Pt verbalizes understanding to all  Follow-ups/Referrals • Evaluation with PCP in 1 weeks for managing blood pressure and to evaluate current hypotensive therapy. Urgent Care visit prn. • No referrals needed at this time.  References Domino, F., Baldor, R., Golding, J., Stephens, M. (2017). The 5-Minute Clinical Consult 2017 (25th ed.). Print (The 5-Minute Consult Series). Codina Leik, M. T. (2014). Family Nurse Practitioner Certification Intensive Review (2nd ed.). ISBN 978-0-8261-3424-0