FOR NJOSH ONLY. What makes the psychoanalytic-social perspective of personality unique? What are the main components of each of the psychoanalytic-social personality theories?

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What makes the psychoanalytic-social perspective of personality unique?

What are the main components of each of the psychoanalytic-social personality theories? What are some of the main differences between theories?
Choose one of the psychoanalytic-social personality theories, and apply it to your own life. Explain your own personality and personality development through this theory.
PLEASE HAVE CITATIONS

Format any citations according to APA guidelines.

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Describe a patient with the condition – Cystic Fibrosis What it is? How is the condition related to the patient’s genes? Signs/symptoms, How the patient presented, Medication that may be used, why it is being used and what type of med it is. Is there a particular concern in caring for the patient, such as safety, mobility, special equipment, etc.? What would you teach the patient and/or family and why? APA format, in-text citation, at least one reference

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NR 439 EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE
(Chamberlain – Spring 2016)
NR 439 Week 7 Discussion 1 – Applying Evidence to Practice
Initial Text: The Discussion and Conclusion sections of the research report reveal the opinions of the researcher regarding the meaning of the results of data analysis. The strengths and limitations are shared: The reader considers these when deciding whether to apply the evidence to practice.
Choose one of the articles from the RRL assignment and discuss the findings. Would you apply the evidence found? Explain your answer.
NR 439 Week 7 Discussion 2 – Sharing Evidence
Translating research into practice is the final and most important step in the research process. Review information you found in the Database Assignment and explain how you would share the research findings with your peers
Describe a patient with the condition – Cystic Fibrosis
What it is?
How is the condition related to the patient’s genes?
Signs/symptoms,
How the patient presented,
Medication that may be used, why it is being used and what type of med it is.
Describe a patient with the condition – Cystic Fibrosis
What it is?
How is the condition related to the patient’s genes?
Signs/symptoms,
How the patient presented,
Medication that may be used, why it is being used and what type of med it is.
Is there a particular concern in caring for the patient, such as safety, mobility, special equipment, etc.?
What would you teach the patient and/or family and why?
APA format, in-text citation, at least one reference
What would you teach the patient and/or family and why?
APA format, in-text citation, at least one reference

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This is a PSYC 2301 HOMEWORK

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Instructions: The question is worth 10 points. Your response must be a minimum of 50 words and show comprehension of the topic through providing examples, related information, information gathered from research, etc. You must note where your sources came from! The discussion board question is meant to engage your critical thinking skills! Please be respectful of varied thoughts, opinions, etc. Each question should be answered individually.
Discussion  1
Question-Introduction and Research (75points): Is homosexuality biologically based or not? Provide specific examples and research to support your response.
Discussion  2
Question- Motivation (75points):  Everyone has preferences when it comes to mate selection! Individuals have an “ideal mate” and sometimes make extensive lists to find that person. In knowing that we have varied preferences, what motivates one’s behavior in seeking out certain individuals as a mate? Does cultural, evolutionary, social ideas, etc play a part?The post This is a PSYC 2301 HOMEWORK first appeared on Nursing School Essays.

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How are the laws of supply and demand illustrated in this graph? Explain your answers.

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You have been hired by a new firm selling electronic dog feeders. Your client has asked you to gather some data on the supply and demand for the feeder, which is given below, and address several questions regarding the supply and demand for these feeders.
Price/FeederQuantity Demanded
Quantity Supplied
$300
500
1800
270
600
1700
240
700
1600
210
800
1500
180
1000
1400
150
1100
1300
120
1200
1200
90
1300
1100
60
1400
1000
30
1500
900
10
1600
800
Your client has asked that you develop a report addressing the following questions so that you can present these findings to their Board of Directors:
Questions:
Construct a graph showing supply and demand in the electronic dog feeder market, using Microsoft Excel.
How are the laws of supply and demand illustrated in this graph? Explain your answers.
What is the equilibrium price and quantity in this market?
Assume that the government imposes a price floor of $180 in the feeder market. What would happen in this market?
Assume that the price floor is removed and a price ceiling is imposed at $90. What would happen in this market?
Now, assume that the price of feeders drops by 50%. How would this change impact the demand for feeders? Explain your answer and reconstruct the graph developed in question one to show this change.
Assume that incomes of the consumers in this market increases. What would happen in this market? Explain your answer and reconstruct the graph developed in question one to show this change.
Assume that the number of sellers decreases in this market. What would happen in this market? Explain your answer and reconstruct the graph developed in question one to show this change.
Explain the difference between a normal good and an inferior good. Would your answers to question 7 change depending on whether this good is a normal or inferior good? Why?Deliverables:
Develop your analysis in Microsoft Excel format. Enter non-numerical responses in the same worksheet using textboxes.
plrase cite all sources

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Curriculum Unit Plan | Nursing School Essays

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Final ProjectTo complete the following final paper, go to this week’s Final Project link in the left navigation. 
Curriculum Unit PlanThe focus of the final project is to develop a one-week unit plan. You will create a curriculum plan as a document using Microsoft Word and a media version. The media version can be a website (e.g., using Weebly.com, GoogleSites.com, NewHive.com, Wix.com or LucidPress.com) or an alternative format (e.g., PowerPoint), which must be approved in advance by the instructor. The curriculum plan demonstrates your mastery of the four course learning outcomes and the media version demonstrates your ability to use technology to communicate your mastery to a wider audience. The curriculum plan you create will span one week of instruction and include several components, which are described in the instructions below. Additionally, review the Instructor Guidance for Week Five for additional assistance beyond the instructions provided here with the assignment. Be sure also to review the Grading Rubric associated with this final project to understand how you will be evaluated. It is recommended you use headings throughout your writing to organize sections. Sections are indicated below in italics and bold font and are followed by the instructions for that section.InstructionsProfessional Curriculum Plan

Developmental Age (1 Point): In one to two paragraphs, describe the developmental age/level of the children for whom the unit plan is designed. 
Classroom Management (1 Point): In two to three paragraphs, explain your philosophy of classroom management using examples from Jaruszewicz (2013) for support. 
Theoretical Alignment (1 Point): In two to three paragraphs, describe the theoretical alignment of your unit using specific examples (e.g., Does it align to Piaget, Vygotsky, or another theorist?).
Curriculum Approach (1 Point): In two to three paragraphs, describe which approach to curriculum you most closely adhere to using specific examples (e.g., Do you adhere to a Montessori, Creative Curriculum, or other model?).
Developmentally Appropriate Practices (DAPs) (1 point): In two to three paragraphs, explain how your classroom setting will foster developmentally appropriate practices using specific examples.

Connection to Family Plan 

Parent Letter (3 Points): In one page, write a letter to parents that includes the following components:

An overview of the unit.
The purpose of the unit.
The objectives of the unit.
The recommendations for home support.
An overview of the assessments.

Content and Developmental Domain Plans and Assessments

Content Lesson Plan and Assessment (4 points): Develop one lesson plan with an assessment that addresses one content area (i.e., language arts, math, science, social studies, or diversity and character). It is required that you use the Lesson Plan Template to complete this portion of your assignment.  It is suggested that you utilize the Early Childhood and Child Development: Lesson Plan Handbook  as a guide for how to more effectively  plan this lesson.
Developmental Domain Lesson Plan and Assessment (4 points): Develop one lesson plan with an assessment that addresses one or more of the developmental domains (i.e., cognitive, affective, and/or psychomotor). It is required that you use the Lesson Plan Template to complete this portion of your assignment .  It is suggested that you utilize the Early Childhood and Child Development: Lesson Plan Handbook as a guide for how to more effectively  plan this lesson.

Free Play/Center Plan 

Center Overview (1 Point): In two paragraphs, write an overview for the center plan that describes the importance of play.
Centers Plan (2 Points): Include a completed version of the Centers Plan Template. 
Center Layout (2 Points): Using the software of your choice, create a classroom layout of the center(s).

Other Instructions

Introduction (.25 Points): Write a succinct introduction to the unit plan that describes the contents of the plan and the organization of the contents of the plan. 
Conclusion (0.25 Points): Write a succinct conclusion to the unit plan that describes the contents of the plan and major points from the contents of the plan.
Media Version (1.5 Points): Include a link to your media version in the document you submit that contains the components described above. The media version can be a website (e.g., using Weebly.com, Google Sites.com, NewHive.com, Wix.com or LucidPress.com) or an alternative format (e.g., PowerPoint), which must be approved in advance by the instructor. 
APA Formatting (0.25 Points): Use APA formatting, as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center, consistently throughout the assignment, which includes the title page, references list, and all content in the document and media version.
Syntax and Mechanics (0.25 Points): Display meticulous comprehension and organization of syntax and mechanics, such as spelling and grammar. 
Source Requirement (0.5 Points): References five scholarly sources in addition to Jaruszewicz (2013) to provide compelling evidence to support ideas, examples, and so forth. At least two of the sources must come from the Ashford University Library. All sources on the references slide need to be formatted and cited correctly within the body of the presentation, as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.

Carefully review the Grading Rubric for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.

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describe the health care organizations selected for use in this paper, including your rationale for selecting the organizations.

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Individual Project Part 1: Managing Projects
The Individual Project Assignments in this course are designed to provide you with a practical understanding of project management activities in a health care organization.
Part 1 of the Individual Project focuses on managing projects. You interview an individual who has managed a project for an organization. Alternatively, you may examine a minimum of three organizations that have published descriptions about a health care information technology project.
Hi, for this assignment you have the option of choosing the INTERVIEW or the SCHOLARLY PAPER. This assignment MUST include an introduction with a purpose statement (e.g. the purpose of this paper is …), and a summary. Include at least 3 references from the list I provided. Check the PDF file attached for more instructions on this project.
Interview
To prepare:
Review the Individual Project Overview document linked in this week’s Learning Resources for additional information on this project. Pay particular attention to the questions you might ask in your interview.
Locate a professional who manages or works on special projects in health care and is willing to speak about his or her experience.
If such a person is not readily available to you, find someone in your community who has managed a project for an organization. The organization can be a volunteer service group, a faith-based group, a business, or another that meets your needs. The goal is to find an individual who has been in charge of a project important to the organization.
Review the topics and questions below that should be addressed in your interview.
Think about other related questions you might have for your interviewee and solidify your goals for speaking to and learning from this person.
By Day 5 of Week 5
Write a 2- to 4-page paper in APA format with 3 references from the list provided which include the following level one headings:
1) Describe the context of your interview—where and how the interview took place. why you selected this individual, and how you believe this individual meets the requirements for this Assignment.
2) Describe the role and functions of the individual within the context of the individual’s organizational structure and of project management.
3) Synthesize insights on how project goals (outcomes, metrics of success, expectations for improving work products) and project administration (project charters, stakeholder involvement, activities, scheduling, costs, etc.) are addressed in the interviewee’s organization.
4) Compare the insights from your interview with information from project management literature about project goals (outcomes, metrics of success, expectations for improving work products) and project administration (project charters, stakeholder involvement, activities, scheduling, costs, etc.). Be sure that the comparisons you make are clear to the reader.
5) Explain how your insights into these aspects of project management will impact your ability to successfully manage health care information technology projects. Include any tips the individual described for managing a successful project.
OR:
Scholarly Paper
To prepare:
Examine a minimum of three organizations that have published descriptions about a health care information technology project. Review the Individual Project Overview document for the full details of this Assignment.
Write a 3- to 4-page paper in APA format with 3 references from the list provided which include the following level one headings:
1) Briefly describe the health care organizations selected for use in this paper, including your rationale for selecting the organizations.
2) Offer perspectives on the use of formal project management in health care organizations, with a focus on health care information technology projects.
3) Synthesize insights on how project goals (outcomes, metrics of success, expectations for improving work products) and project administration (project charters, stakeholder involvement, activities, scheduling, costs, etc.) are addressed in the projects implemented in your selected health care organizations.
4) Compare your insights from the articles with information from project management literature about project goals and project administration. Be sure that the comparisons you make are clear to the reader.
5) Explain how your insights into these aspects of project management will impact your ability to successfully manage health care information technology projects.
Synthesize your findings from the literature in regards to present evidence, best practices, or standards.
This assignment is due by Sunday 9/30/16 by 12pm
Required Readings
Biafore, B. (2010). Microsoft Project 2010: The missing manual. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly.
Chapter 2, “Planning a Project” (pp. 39–57)
This chapter supplies a brief introduction on project planning. The chapter describes the contents of a project plan along with the process of creating relevant documents.
Coplan, S., & Masuda, D. (2011). Project management for healthcare information technology. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Chapter 5, “Change Management” (pp. 193–237)
In this chapter, the authors review change management knowledge areas. The authors describe a variety of analysis methods applicable to change management processes and outputs.
Project Management Institute. (2013). A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK guide) (5th ed.). Newtown Square, PA: Author.
Chapter 3, “Project Management Processes” (pp. 47–61)
This chapter supplies information on managing a project that uses networked processes. The chapter describes project management processes related to each phase of a project.
Campbell, R. J. (2008). Change management in health care. The Health Care Manager, 27(1), 23–39.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
In this article, the author highlights the work of two leaders in the field of change management. The author demonstrates how the work of these leaders can be applied to health care organizations.
Merrell, P. (2012). Effective change management: The simple truth. Management Services, 56(2), 20–23.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
In this article, the author provides six steps for effective change management. The author also supplies supplementary information on the importance of learning activities, measuring success, and managing change management strategies.
Schifalacqua, M., Costello, C., & Denman, W. (2009). Roadmap for planned change, part 1: Change leadership and project management. Nurse Leader, 7(2), 26–29.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
In this article, the authors explore the essential elements of change theory and project management. The article details many tools and concepts that assist in managing and planning change at various scales.
Microsoft Corporation. (2012). Getting started: Introduction to project management. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/project-help/getting-started-introduction-to-project-management-HA010359477.aspx?CTT=3
Review this web page, which provides an overview of basic project management concepts. It also provides links to other pages which demonstrate how to apply the aforementioned concepts in Microsoft Project 2010.
Document: Individual Project Overview (PDF) (SEE ATTACHED PDF FILE)
This document provides an overview of the Individual Project you will work on throughout this course.
Required Media
Laureate Education (Producer). (2013a). Establishing a team [Video file]. Retrieved from https://class.waldenu.edu
Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 8 minutes.
In this video, Dr. Mimi Hassett discusses important considerations when assembling a project team, such as who to include and whom to consult. She talks about how project size, goals, and timelines can impact those decisions, and she also offers examples of how to keep enthusiasm for a project moving forward as the challenges toward completion arise.

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For Phyllis Young: Cultural Differences and Professional Issues

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Cultural Differences and Professional Issues
James is an African American heterosexual male who is also a counselor at a community mental-health center. Though James does not outwardly reject others with different sexual orientations, he is not empathetic toward people struggling with sexual identity issues. James feels that homosexuality is morally wrong and against his religious beliefs. However, James understands that as a counselor he must not discriminate against anyone – including sexual minorities. Clarence, a new client, has revealed that he is homosexual and is having difficulty admitting his sexual orientation to his family and others close to him. Clarence has also states he fears being rejected by his church congregation. He states that being abandoned by the church would further “shame his family” but admits that he cannot keep his life a secret anymore. He wants James’s help to embrace his homosexuality and live without shame. For James to genuinely help Clarence, what issues does James need to address at a personal level to refrain from being judgmental of Clarence? Is it possible for James to be objective enough to help Clarence work toward his goals? Why or why not?
600 Words
Please do not use Wikipedia.
NEED 2 References
Must use as one of references:  

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Describe the pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic asthma and acute asthma exacerbation.

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Assignment: AsthmaComplications of asthma can be sudden. Consider the case of Bradley Wilson, a young boy who had several medical conditions. He appeared in good health when he went to school, returned home, and ate dinner. However, when he later went outside to play, he came back inside wheezing. An ambulance took him to the hospital where he was pronounced dead (Briscoe, 2012). In another case, 10-year-old Dynasty Reese, who had mild asthma, woke up in the middle of the night and ran to her grandfather’s bedroom to tell him she couldn’t breathe. By the time paramedics arrived, she had passed out and was pronounced dead at the hospital (Glissman, 2012). These situations continue to outline the importance of recognizing symptoms of asthma and providing immediate treatment, as well as distinguishing minor symptoms from serious, life-threatening symptoms. Since these symptoms and attacks are often induced by a trigger, as an advanced practice nurse, you must be able to help patients identify their triggers and recommend appropriate treatment options. For this reason, you need to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic asthma and acute asthma exacerbation.
To Prepare
Review “Asthma” in Chapter 26 of the Huether and McCance text. Identify the pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic asthma and acute asthma exacerbation. Consider how these disorders are similar and different.Select a patient factor different from the one you selected in this week’s Discussion: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Think about how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of both disorders. Reflect on how you would diagnose and prescribe treatment of these disorders for a patient based on the factor you selected.Review the “Mind maps—Dementia, Endocarditis, and Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)” media in the Week 2 Learning Resources. Use the examples in the media as a guide to construct two mind maps—one for chronic asthma and one for acute asthma exacerbation. Consider the epidemiology and clinical presentation of both chronic asthma and acute asthma exacerbation.To Complete
Write a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:
Describe the pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic asthma and acute asthma exacerbation. Be sure to explain the changes in the arterial blood gas patterns during an exacerbation.Explain how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of both disorders. Describe how you would diagnose and prescribe treatment for a patient based on the factor you selected.Construct two mind maps—one for chronic asthma and one for acute asthma exacerbation. Include the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation, as well as the diagnosis and treatment you explained in your paper.

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Share an insight from having read your colleagues’ postings, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives.

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Performance Reports/Dashboards
Performance reports are a valuable tool for gauging the financial well-being and progress of a health care organization. When properly designed, these reports can provide data on key measures, quality indicators, performance of operations, patient satisfaction, personnel, and facility capacity.
Have you ever seen the cockpit of an airplane? The dashboard is covered with a variety of knobs and gauges. Having a pilot who understands the meaning of the data contained on the dashboard is essential for passenger safety and for reaching the correct destination in a timely fashion. Similarly, a dashboard for your organization can supply a wide variety of performance information to assist in the financial decision making process.
In this Discussion, you will describe a dashboard that would be useful for you in your current position and organization (or one with which you are familiar).
To prepare:
Review this week’s Media program, Dashboards.
Consider your own organization (or one with which you are familiar) and the key information that would be useful for decision making.
Develop a list of key performance indicators in the following categories that would be useful for your situation. Include:
2–3 financial indicators
2–3 operational indicators
2–3 satisfaction indicators
2–3 quality indicators
Post describe the specific indicators you selected for each category and explain why you chose those particular ones. Describe whether each indicator is a leading or trailing indicator and how this particular combination would provide the best overall view of the state of your organization. Assess how having a dashboard such as this would assist in decision making.
AND
Respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days using one or more of the following approaches:
Ask a probing question, substantiated with additional background information, evidence or research.
Share an insight from having read your colleagues’ postings, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives.
Expand on your colleagues’ postings by providing additional insights or contrasting perspectives based on readings and evidence.
(I will send the responses soon)
Required Readings
Baker, J., & Baker, R. W. (2014). Health care finance: Basic tools for nonfinancial managers. Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning.
Chapter 11, “Financial and Operating Ratios as Performance Measures” (pp. 121–128)
This chapter introduces a number of different tools that can be used to measure the performance of an organization. These include liquidity ratios, solvency ratios, and profitability ratios.
Kleinpell, R. M. (2009). Analyzing economic outcomes in advanced practice learning. In Outcome assessment in advanced practice nursing (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company.
Outcome Assessment in Advanced Practice Nursing, 1st Edition by Kleinpell, R. M. Copyright 2009 by Springer Publishing Company. Reprinted by permission of Springer Publishing Company via the Copyright Clearance Center.
This chapter outlines five different types of economic outcomes that can be used by advanced practice nurses for assessing costs and determining performance benefits within a health care organization.
Serb, C. (2011). Effective dashboards: What to measure and how to show it. Hospitals & Health Networks, 85(6), 40.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
In this article, the authors discuss automated systems known as executive dashboards, which are designed to highlight key data. Additionally, the article describes the components most experts agree should be included on an executive dashboard.
Nash, M., Pestrue, J., Geier, P., Sharp, K., Helder, A., & McAlearney, A. (2010). Leveraging information technology to drive improvement in patient satisfaction. Journal for Healthcare Quality: Promoting Excellence in Health care, 32(5), 30–40.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
This article explores how senior leaders can facilitate improvement in patient experience and satisfaction by strategic improvement and setting goals. This article presents a case detailing how the Ohio State University Medical Center (OSUMC) used information technology to formulate a strategy to improve patient experience.
Barta, A. (2010). Dashboards: A required business management tool. Biomedical Instrumentation & Technology, 44(3), 228–30.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
This article describes how dashboards became an integral financial and management tool for Trinity Health Clinical Engineering when it centralized the clinical engineering functions of five hospitals.
National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators. (2014). National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators. Retrieved from NDNQI :http://www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/TableofContents/Volume122007/No3Sept07/NursingQualityIndicators.html
This website is a repository for nursing quality indicators.
Wadsworth, T., Graves, B., Glass, S., Harrison, A., Donovan, C., & Proctor, A. (2009). Using business intelligence to improve performance. Healthcare Financial Management, 63(10), 68–72.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
In this article, the authors describe a case study involving the Cleveland Clinic Foundation’s management supervision and how they kept track of its key performance indicators (KPIs) to aid in reducing operational costs and improving quality of care.
Required Media (VIDEO ATTACHED IN ZIP FILE)
Laureate Education (Producer). (2012). Dashboards. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 6 minutes.
In this video, William Ward discusses the use of dashboards as a tool for tracking organizational performance. He compares different types of dashboards and describes how to select the most relevant data to include on a dashboard.

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Evidence-Based Practice Matrix of TenPieces of Primary Research on One Topic Related to Nursing

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Evidence-Based Practice Matrix of TenPieces of Primary Research on One Topic Related to NursingAuthors Resource/Database Year of Publication Research Type Population/Sample Size Outcome Variables Measured Pertinent Data from Results Author’s Suggested Conclusions Comments-Sving Eva-IdvallEwa-Hans Ho¨gberg-Lena GunningbergPub Med 2014 Cross-sectional study -Population comprised of adult males above 17 years-Sample size = 825Dependent variables-skin assessment-PU risk assessment-Planned repositioning of patients-use of pressure reliving mattress(PRM)The independent variablesAge, gender, hospital size, nurse workload, nurse staffing, unit type. -Patient at risk have high chance of not receiving PRM or planned repositioning– Patient in general hospital had less chance of receiving PU screening and treatment-Where nurses worked for a short period, patient were unlikely to receive PRM, however the received scheduled repositioning-Nurses were likely to screen at treat PU in old patients-Planned repositioning was more common as compared to the use of PRM. -Most patients with high risk of developing PU were not screened within 24 hours. PU screening and treatment were not well implemented in both hospitals-Nurse workload and staffing played a very small role in PU treatment-There is need for nurses to take primary role in management of PU -The results emphasize on the nursing role in screening and management of PU.– The results obtained cannot be used to generalize findings as they are collected from a small sample.– Nurses need to take leadership roles and use evidence based PU management._ There is need to carry out more research using larger samples collected for a long period.-Christine Schindler-Theresa Mikhailov– Evelyn Kuhn-Jean Christopher-Pat Conway-Debra Ridling-Annette Scott-Vickie Simpson Pub med 2011 -Cohort study involving a group of children lasting two years (2006-2007) Sample comprised of all children patients from march 2006-december 2007-sample size = 5346-Sample composed of those with and without PU Children demographic information (age, sex etc )Clinical data (length of stay at hospital, diagnosis etc) -the incidence of PU among children was 10.2%. this was lower than previous studies due to implementation of PU management strategies-large disparities in how different institutions managed PU in children-nursing interventions such as turning the patient 2 hours, use of pressure reliving pillows and blankets, gel pads, PRM among others– three institutions with lower PU prevalence used protective nursing care – Nursing interventions are fundamental in reducing the prevalence of PU among children.– there is need to use best practices (evidence based practices) in managing PU among children– There is need to inculcate new evidence in managing and treating PU. The study used a large sample and data was collected over a long time. This increases the credibility of the results and allow for generalization.– Nurses must use evidence based practice in managing PU among children.-El EneinNY-ZaghloulAhmad Pub med 2011 Cross-sectional study -population comprised of all nurses within study period.-sample size = 122 -the independent variables were nurse age, education level and experience.-the outcome was nurses knowledge on PU prevention– the outcome based on score nurses obtained from interview questionnaires -Nurses mean score for 9 out of 15 questions on useful PU prevention was below the expected level (<70%). -correct answers for non useful measures in preventing PU was 66% -most nurses were well educated -Most nurses had an experience of 1-5 years -despite nurses having good experience and education background, the failed on tests regarding PU prevention. – nurses knowledge on PU prevention is very low -nurses need to be educated on PU screening and prevention – the research shows that nurses have poor knowledge on PU management -the sample was collected from one country and cannot be used to generalize results -Mamhidir, anna -HögmanMarieann -Gunningberg Lena -Sving Eva Pub med 2012 -Descriptive research methods -combines qualitative and quantitative research methods -nine nurses were interviewed -data from patient records was collected -the outcome were Planned and unplanned PU prevention -PU prevention strategy were dependent on culture -registered nurses assumed that PU management was a basic role -PU prevention was seen as an assistant nurse function -nurses attention to management of PU was limited -nurses were complying with evidence based practices -Registered nurses did not concentrate on PU prevention – There was general confusion regarding planned and unplanned prevention The paper shows that registered nurses were not rely concerned about the PU prevention. -sample used was too small and non conclusive – patients data was not used to support the conclusion obtained -Lisa Pinkney -Jane Nixon -Lyn Wilson -Susanne Coleman -Elizabeth McGinnis -Nikki Stubbs -Carol Dealey -Andrea Nelson -Malcolm Patterson -Justin Keen EBSCO 2014 -A retrospective case study -70 interviewees drawn from patients and staff -medical data collected from patients with severe PU -actions by nurses and clinician that resulted to the severe PU -causes of the PU related to clinicians and nurses -Nurses and clinicians neglect resulted to severe PU -Clinicians and nurses did not respond to patients showing symptoms of PU -management of PU was not well coordinated -Clinicians did not listen to patients -negligence by clinicians and nurses was the cause of increased prevalence to PU -this research uses a retrospective study where individual accounts of the patients are developed – the study traces back at the cause of a particular outcome Samuriwo, Ray Medline 2010 -case study using Quantitative research methods 16 nurses were selected for interview -Value that nurses place of PU prevention – nurses place a low value on PU prevention – nurses value on PU prevention can be improved through training and exposure to patients with severe PU – the education nurses receive only seem effective if they have practical experience with patients with PU – nurses need practical experience with patients suffering from PU so as to improve their value on PU prevention strategy – This research is imperative in determining linking the value that nurses have on prevalence of PU. Clegg A. Kring, D., Plemmons, J &Richbourg, L Pub Med 2009 Case study Quantitative research method 84 participants -patients with heel PU – Factors exposing them to heel PU (high BMI, age, co-morbid conditions) -half of the population had palpable heel pulse -pressure ulcer found in 45% patients -19% of patients had serious tissue loss -patients with co-morbid conditions had low Braden scale scores -issues such as advanced age, malnutrition, co-morbid conditions increase heel PU prevalence – need for nurses to develop a better tools for assessing risks of heel PU -the paper argues health care experts to examine other PU and develop tools for assessing patients at risks. -Dimitri Beeckman -Tom Defloor -Lisette Schoonhoven -KatrienVanderwee Pub Med 2011 Cross-sectional study spanning many centers -2105 patients from 14 hospitals and 207 wards -553 nurses -PU prevalence levels among patients -knowledge and attitude among nurses -Relationship between knowledge and PU prevention -PU prevalence rates in hospitals was 13.5% – nurses had wide knowledge on PU prevention -no relationship between knowledge and PU prevention was found -PU prevention was correlated with attitudes -nurses are knowledgeable on PU prevention – the attitude that nurses have affect PU prevention strategies – Good research using a large number of participants. -results are highly conclusive and can be generalized -Rosen, Jules -Mittal, Vikas-Degenholtz, Howard -Castle, Nick -Mulsant, Benoit -Nace, David -Rubin, Fred Pub Med 2006 -case study All residents and staff of 136 bed nursing home in Pennsylvania -PU prevalence among black residents -PU prevalence among white residents -PU prevalence after educating the staff – The whites were more likely to suffer from stage 1 PU as compared to blacks -the blacks had higher odds of suffering from stage ii – stage Iv PU – education reduced these disparities – blacks had higher odds of suffering from stage II to stage IV PU as compared to whites -education reduced PU prevalence and eliminated the disparities – the research is good in comparing PU prevalence and treatment among different groups ElsyAthlin EwaIdvall MargarethJernfält Inger Johansson Medline 2010 -Case study 15 nurses from 2 heath care institutions -Factors that increase or reduce PU prevalence levels – -pressure ulcer trajectory was increased by patient related factors -hospital personnel increased PU occurrence and progress to other stages -hospital management affected PU trajectory – the nurses attitudes an knowledge may increase prevalence of PU – hospital management methods may increase the progression of PU to severe status -hospitals must develop an adequate PU care plan and note those responsible for identifying and managing PU Good research that documents the impacts on nursing care an hospital management in the progression of PU to severe levels(stage IV) Note: Assure you understand the definition of primary research. You cannot use evidence summaries, reviews of literature, guidelines, or standards for your ten pieces of research. Note: Tables/Matrices in APA format are phrases, not complete sentences. Note: Tables/Matrices in APA format should be single spaced. Note: Tables/Matrices can be placed within your essay and formatted for landscape or attached as a separate

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