Vulnerable populations are considered “people who require special attention related to well-being and safety, including persons who cannot advocate for their own needs such as children, prisoners, and cognitively impaired” (Falkner, 2018). Vulnerable population include children, prisoners, and the cognitively, emotionally, and physically impaired. Usually the population that falls under the vulnerable category often have SDOH that contribute to vulnerability such as poverty, ethnic minorities, sexual preference, and insurance status (Waisel, 2013). When discussing the vulnerable population we must always remember that there are different reasons that makes them “vulnerable” for instance, children are vulnerable because they lack the intelligence and ability to access healthcare on their own, they do not have the cognitive ability to make decisions on their own. Many ethical issues arise and must be considered when dealing with the vulnerable populations, such as learning barriers, cultural barriers, or anything that may hinder the quality of care provided to the patient; for instance when dealing with a person from a minority group such as the Hispanic population, we must always remember that in the Hispanic culture if the nurse is a male, the elderly female patient will more than likely request to have a female nurse as it is against their culture to be seen by another male. As nurses, we must advocate for these patients greatly because at the end of the day, we strive to deliver the best care possible to any patient no matter where they are from or what age they are.
Reference:
Grand Canyon University (ED).(2018). Community & Public health: The future of health care. Retrieved from https://Ic.gcumedia.com/nrs427vn/community-and-public-health-the-future-of-health-care/v1.1/
Waisel, D. (2013). Vulnerable populations in healthcare. Current Opinion in Anesthesiology, 26(2), 186-192. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0b013e32835e8c17
Vulnerable populations are those at risk of receiving a disparity in medical care on the basis of financial circumstances or social characteristics such as age, race, gender, sexual orientation, spirituality, disability, socio-economic status and insurance status.( Society of Hospital Medicine, 2006). Examples include LGBTQ, impoverished population, uninsured and under insured among others.
Refugees and immigrants population are vulnerable all over the world. Here in America there has been an increasetoo.( WHO.n.d.) This is because they are often in an unknown environment, no or little understanding of the culture, resources, language, and require a lot of support to acclimatize to the new environment. Public health providers must address their needs with compassion and patience and advocate for them by accounting for language barriers, lack of insurance, provision of resources such as water, clothing, food, housing needs.
In Kenya, refugees reside in camps from war torn neighboring countries like Somalia and Southern Sudan, these countries have been at war for decades. There are people who have lived all their childhood and adulthood lives in these camps. Life in the camps is not easy because there is struggle for the little aid developed countries give, there is no running water or flushing toilets, diseases erupt every day such as typhoid, malaria, tuberculosis and worst of all cholera. Available medical aid is sometimes not enough or if available cannot reach the target population because of poor roads destroyed by flash floods and drought. The United nations help as well as USAID and WHO but some officials steal the aid and refugees suffer.
Reference.
Chapter 3: Community and Public Health: The Future of Health Care. Retrieved from:https://www.gcumedia.com/digital-resources/grand-canyon-university/2018/community-and-public-health_the-future-of-health-care_1e.php
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Nutrition through the Life Cycle: Pregnancy, Breastfeeding and Infant feeding, Chapter 17
The chapters covering nutrition through the life cycle deserve a full 3 – 5 credit class. For the purpose of an overview, it is most important that students understand the differences in nutrient needs among the various stages of growth, development and maintenance through the ages. These differences are influenced by body changes that affect metabolism, growth rates, absorption effectiveness, activity levels to name a few. The food based guidelines adjust to caloric and nutrient needs and are reflected in various Plate Diagrams intended for specific age groups.
Chapter 17: Pregnancy, Breastfeeding and the first Year of Life  (10 pts)
Please read the following articles in addition to Chapter 17:
 
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/feed47m.html?WT.ac=ctg#catfeeding 
 https://www.aap.org/en-us/about-the-aap/aap-press-room/Pages/American-Academy-of-Pediatrics-Recommends-No-Fruit-Juice-For-Children-Under-1-Year.aspx 
1. (5)  What specific nutrient needs change during pregnancy from the adult woman, including calories, macro and micronutrients and fluid needs? (Refer to the the DRI charts in the front of your text book.) Address any supplements that are recommended..
2. (2) What lifestyle changes should a pregnant woman make to ensure a healthy pregnancy outcome?
3. (8) Assume you work in a WIC Clinic. (Women, Infants and Children’s Supplemental Food Program). A woman is asking you why she should consider breastfeeding and what to expect. She is not convinced it is worth all the effort. What information would be important to tell her?

What is vulnerability? Merriam- Webster defines vulnerable as “capable of being physically or emotionally wounded.” In my opinion, we are all vulnerable by that definition. In healthcare, vulnerable populations are considered those who cannot advocate for their needs or well-being. For example, children, members of the LGBTQ community, prisoners, ethnic minorities, impoverished, and physically or mentally impaired would all be considered vulnerable. (Falkner, 2018). Children, in my opinion, are the most vulnerable because they lack decision making skills and autonomy to advocate for their needs or health care decisions. Children must count on the adults around them to make these decisions for them and unfortunately, some adults take advantage of this vulnerability. As healthcare providers, it is our responsibility to advocate for our patients even and especially when their caregivers are making decisions that will cause them harm. This is a slippery slope as choices such as refusal of vaccinations or life- saving blood products (because of religion) is a protected right. Ethics committees and judicial members are often tasked to intervene in life-saving decisions when the child’s best interest is at risk. So, I beg the very controversial question, how much longer will we continue to watch children die from vaccine- preventable illnesses until the government intervenes?
 
Reference
Falkner, A. (2018). Community as Client. In Community & public health: The future of health care. Retrieved from https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs427vn/community-and-public-health-the-future-of-health-care/v1.1/
“Vulnerable.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/vulnerable.
There are many different groups of people who are categorized as vulnerable population such as racial and ethnic minorities, the economically disadvantaged, those with chronic health conditions, those who live in rural areas and the elderly (AMJC, 2018). These vulnerable populations health and healthcare problems are often worsened by social factors. They may experience greater risk factors, worse access to care, and increased morbidity and mortality with the general population.
The economically disadvantaged is one group of the vulnerable population as they are at risk for poor health status and access to healthcare. They experience significant disparities in life expectancy, access and utilization of healthcare, morbidity and mortality. In general, low-income individuals are more likely to have chronic illnesses, and the impact of these illnesses can be more severe, individuals with low incomes are also disproportionately racial and ethnic minorities. These low income people may be less like to have health insurance coverage or may be underinsured and as a result they have less interaction with the healthcare system as stated by Pamella Riley, MD, vice president of delivery system reform at The Commonwealth Fund (AJMC, 2018). These individuals are more likely to behavioral health issues such as depression, substance abuse problem and chronic medical conditions like obesity or diabetes.
Numerous efforts are been made to reduce the disparities in healthcare. Persons who are poorer often are stigmatized and not given the chance to express themselves and they are often unaware of the community healthcare resources available to them. The community health nurse comes in contact with these persons and he/she will assess these individuals and identify their needs, make necessary referrals, raise awareness, provide education and put guideline in place with the help of other health professionals and stakeholders (Waisel, 2013). Patients can be educated on how to prevent diseases and maintain the best possible health even if they are poor. The nurse should remain non-judgmental, be culturally aware, show respect to all patients when giving care regardless of race or social status.
Reference
Joszt, L. (2018). 5 Vulnerable populations in healthcare. American Journal of Management Care. Retrieved from https://www.ajmc.com/newsroom/5-vulnerable-populations-in-healthcare
Waisel, D. B. (2013). Vulnerable populations in healthcare. Current opinion in anesthesiology 26(2) p186-192.
Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23385323/
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Can you give me an example of a professional memo? I know how to set up a basic memo but I don’t know if a professional memo has other aspects.
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