Which one of the following statements accurately represents the practice known as unbundling?

4. Which one of the following statements accurately represents the practice known as unbundling?
A. Combination codes are assigned separately in ICD-10-CM. B. Codes that should be grouped into one code are broken into separate codes to maximize physician reimbursement. C. ICD-10-PCS codes are broken into separate codes for congruent assignment. D. Codes listed as separate procedures are assigned individually.
5. Placing a catheter into the aorta or directly into an artery or vein is called
A. brachiocephalic manipulation. B. third order placement. C. selective catheter placement. D. nonselective catheter placement.
6. What ICD-10-CM code would be assigned for a patient with acute tubule-interstitial nephritis?
A. L50.0 B. Z02.6 C. N10 D. B96.2
7. The suffix -sis means
A. inflammation. B. drooping. C. condition. D. process.
8. The concept of meaningful use pertains to
A. medical office protocol and document organization. B. electronic health record implementation. C. resource management in the inpatient setting. D. categorization of patient information.
9. In what CPT code range is Surgical Pathology found?
A. 88400–80499 B. 88000–80299 C. 88300–88309 D. 88515–88598
10. According to the CMS National Physician Fee Schedule, what is the conversion factor for basic life support mileage?
A. $32.4726 B. $34.5741 C. $28.8457 D. $36.0666
11. A patient who was involved in a motor vehicle accident is taken to the hospital by ambulance and admitted to the hospital in critical care. The physician sees the patient for 74 minutes in critical care. The physician leaves to attend to other patients in the ICU and the NICU of the same hospital. Five hours later, the physician returns to the patient and continues to treat the patient in critical care for an additional 30 minutes. The patient spends a total of 104 minutes in critical care. What codes are assigned?
A. 99291, 99292 B. 99292, 99293 C. 99291, 99291 D. 99292, 99292, 99293
12. The prefix endo- means
A. beneath. B. outside of. C. adjacent to. D. within.
13. What is the CPT code for a three-view x-ray of the mandible?
A. 70200 B. 70100 C. 70150 D. 70240
14. Rules of evidence control the
A. amount of evidence that may be admitted during a civil trial. B. processes and procedures for question and answer sessions. C. documents that can be considered during jury trial. D. length of criminal court proceedings, but not civil court proceedings.
15. The ampulla, isthmus, interstitium, and fimbria are examples of
A. implantation sites of ectopic pregnancy. B. incision sites for pacemaker insertion. C. membranes in the abdomen. D. bones in the ankle.
16. Code J9165 is assigned for intravenous diethylstilbestrol diphosphate. According to the code description, what dosage was administered?
A. 20 mg B. 50 mg C. Up to 0.5 mg D. 250 mg
17. Members of the uniformed services, their families and survivors, and retired members and their families qualify for
A. TRICARE. B. OIG Recovery. C. Medicare. D. Medicaid.
18. A patient comes to the emergency room complaining of abdominal pain. She was previously diagnosed with type I diabetes. She also complains of watery eyes, congestion, pressure in the sinuses, and difficulty breathing. Her final diagnoses are right lower quadrant abdominal pain, type I diabetes, acute sinusitis, and asthma. What CPT and ICD-10-CM codes are assigned?
A. 99222, R18.91, E16.9, J01.91, J45.919 B. 99221, R17.41, E17.9, J01.90, J45.909 C. 99221, R10.31, E10.9, J01.90, J45.909 D. 99223, R14.31, E15.9, J01.90, J45.929
19. Under HIPAA, health care facilities must
A. follow up with patients who repeatedly miss scheduled appointments for mandatory services. B. keep records of patients who refill prescriptions more than once within a three-month timeframe. C. maintain a clean, safe working environment. D. choose a privacy officer in accordance with HIPAA policies and procedures.
20. What is the ICD-10-CM code for unspecified acute pericarditis?
A. I30.89 B. I30.9 C. I30 D. I30.79
21. What is the full code description for 25515?
A. Open treatment of radial shaft fracture, includes internal fixation, when performed B. Closed treatment of ulnar shaft fracture; without manipulation C. Closed treatment of radial shaft fracture; without manipulation D. Open treatment of radial shaft fracture, includes internal fixation, when performed, and open treatment of distal radioulnar joint dislocation (Galeazzi fracture/dislocation), includes internal fixation, when performed, includes repair of triangular fibrocartilage complex
22. Which of the following anatomical locations would contain the diaphysis?
A. Metatarsal B. Diaphragm C. Septum D. Tibia
23. A patient recently became eligible for health insurance through her employer. Her health insurance is considered to be an 80-20 policy. Under the terms of an 80-20 policy, the insurer pays 80 percent and the insured pays 20 percent of expenses. This 80-20 policy is an example of
A. coinsurance. B. prospective payment. C. capitation. D. case management.
24. The Outpatient Prospective Payment System (OPPS) pays
A. an established rate for outpatient services in specific hospitals. B. a percentage of the national average for the same surgery performed in a different geographic location. C. 65% of the schedule C rate for all surgeries. D. subsidies to contain health care costs in rural facilities.
25. The study of disease is called
A. physiology. B. pathology. C. urology. D. neurology.
26. Superficial injuries such as abrasions or contusions are
A. not coded when associated with more severe injuries of the same site. B. queried to determine if the injuries are confined to the same site. C. coded when associated with more severe injuries of the same site. D. coded only when debridement is performed.
27. Another name for XXY syndrome is
A. Turner’s syndrome. B. Cooley’s anemia. C. Klinefelter syndrome. D. Huntington’s chorea.
28. The method that physicians use to bill for each service or visit individually rather than on a pre-paid basis is called
A. fee-for-service. B. capitation. C. pre-paid care. D. managed care.
29. A physician has a meeting with a pharmaceutical sales representative. During the course of the conversation, the physician reveals the diagnosis and past family, medical, and social history of a patient currently being treated with one of the medications that the sales representative is selling. In this situation, the doctor could be sued for
A. invasion of privacy. B. malfeasance. C. undue harm and fraud. D. malice.
30. A patient is prescribed a medication that narrows the blood vessels and raises her blood pressure. The medication is most likely a
A. tranquilizer. B. cardiogenic. C. vasoconstrictor. D. cardiotonic
31. Physicians typically refer to anatomical locations using directional terms, which are often
A. paired in opposites. B. used primarily by chiropractors. C. used to describe surgical incisions. D. referenced horizontally.
32. The study of tissue disease using macroscopic or microscopic analysis is called
A. immunology. B. histopathology. C. cytopathology. D. microbiology.
33. A physician obtains cells from the bone marrow cavity using a needle and a syringe. How would this procedure be coded?
A. 36575 B. 37328 C. 38220 D. 35092
34. What is Medicare Part D?
A. The component of Medicare Part A that covers outpatient surgeries B. Add-on coverage for prescription drugs provided through insurance companies approved by Medicare C. Supplemental coverage for war veterans and their dependents D. Add-on coverage for dental procedures
35. A female patient is seen for her annual gynecological examination. During the examination, the physician performs a test to detect cervical cancer. This test is called a/an
A. immunoassay test. B. Pap smear. C. carcinoembryonic antigen test. D. mycobacterial culture.
36. A physician is called to the intensive care unit for a patient with second-degree burns sustained on 55% of his body while cooking in the kitchen where he works. The physician sees the patient in the critical care unit for two hours, leaves the unit, and returns later the same day to provide an additional hour of critical care. What ICD-10-CM and CPT codes would be assigned?
A. L91.8, 99291 × 2, 99292 × 4 B. R53.81, 99291, 99293 × 5 C. Z30.09, 99293, 99294 × 2 D. T31.50, 99291, 99292 × 4
37. A change in the tissues and cells within a specific area on or in the body is called a
A. lesion. B. cyst. C. neoplasm. D. tumor.
38. Information about a patient can becan be released for research under the terms of HIPAA, only if
A. the patient signs an authorization immediately upon admission. B. the research is critical for technological development. C. the patient has authorized the release and only a limited amount of information is released. D. researchers obtain authorization from the admitting physician.
39. A patient is diagnosed with breast cancer and undergoes a partial mastectomy. What CPT code would be assigned?
A. 19305 B. 19307 C. 19304 D. 19301
40. To conform to the HIPAA Privacy Rule, which of the following safeguards must be maintained in health care facilities?
A. Immunization and injection safeguards B. Reasonable administrative, technical, and physical safeguards C. ICD-7 provisional safeguards D. Hazardous waste protection safeguards
41. A patient sustains a fracture of the femur while playing football in a nearby park. What ICD-10-CM code would be assigned?
A. S72.001A B. S72.009A C. S72.003A D. S49.006A
42. According to the guidelines for medical records outlined in the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), patients
A. have the right to have errors reviewed by a hospital administrator. B. have the right to correct errors in identification data only. C. have the right to have errors in their medical records corrected. D. do not have the right to have errors corrected, as the data has been previously verified by the physician.
43. Modifier -23 indicates that
A. two surgeons performed a procedure. B. a procedure was performed bilaterally. C. a physician reviewed and interpreted a radiology procedure. D. the patient received general anesthesia for a procedure that would ordinarily be performed with local or no anesthesia.
44. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) was created for the purpose of
A. streamlining claims processing and reducing paperwork through electronic transmission. B. stabilizing administrative costs and productivity. C. decreasing employee turnover and reducing the volume of new hire paperwork. D. modifying legal and ethical issues surrounding medical records retention.
45. A patient is seen in the emergency room complaining of abdominal pain in the left lower quadrant. It’s determined that the patient is experiencing inflammation of the pancreas, which is also called
A. pancreaticoduodonal arcade. B. pancreatitis. C. pancreatolysis. D. pancreatonia.
46. A 55-year-old patient was injured while working as a carpenter on a construction site. While framing the roof of a two-story house, he fell and hit his head. He was diagnosed with a concussion to the left side of his head, and underwent a right frontal parietal craniotomy with removal of a subdural hematoma. During the patient’s period of recovery, he was given a medication that resulted in a rash on his abdomen. The physician conducted an expanded problem focused history and exam, with straightforward medical decision making. What CPT code(s) should be assigned?
A. 99251 B. 99252 C. 99292, 99291 D. 99253
47. Taking certain steps to protect PHI from being accidentally released to individuals who don’t need to know the information is called the
A. minimum necessary standard. B. privacy management statute. C. health information guardianship guideline. D. information provision standard.
48. The main term represents the most basic aspect of a disease or condition. For example, the main term of a diagnosis involving a broken arm is
A. broken. B. break. C. fracture. D. arm.
49. Performing a daily check for viruses and malware is one of the
A. requirements of the Help Desk. B. routine aspects of software maintenance. C. sensible guidelines for Internet use in health care facilities. D. functions of HIM encoders.
50. A coder overhears a confidential statement made outside of the court, and then, when called to testify, repeats the statement as being truth. This is an example of
A. cross-examination. B. hearsay. C. speculation. D. a direct quote.
51. A patient receives two venous pressure clamps for hemodialysis. What HCPCS Level II code is assigned?
A. A4751 B. A4751 × 2 C. A4918 × 2 D. A4918
52. The process of removing tissue for histopathology is called
A. shaving. B. debridement. C. excision. D. biopsy.
53. A coder would assign modifier -53 to report
A. dental procedures. B. repeat procedures. C. anesthesia administration. D. procedures cancelled due to the patient’s condition.
54. Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) allows
A. resolving medical malpractice suits by submitting pretrial depositions. B. lawyer-to-lawyer mediation during trial recess. C. mediating disputes with a judge in the presence of the bailiff. D. litigants to resolve disputes prior to or after the start of litigation.
55. Code range 99231–99233 pertains to
A. initial hospital care. B. subsequent hospital care. C. consultation services. D. hospital discharge services.
56. A patient comes to the emergency room complaining of abdominal pain, nausea, and intractable vomiting. Unable to pinpoint the source of the patient’s complaints, the physician decides to ad

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valid probability distribution quiz, statistics homework help

Probability is ____. (Points : 2)  the likelihood that some event will occur
  always expressed as a value between 0 and 1
  is the ratio of the number of favorable cases to the total number of possible cases
  all of the above
Question 2.2. The sum of the probability that an event will occur and the probability that it will not occur is ____. (Points : 2)  different for each case
  equal to P(E)
  equal to P(E)-1
  equal to 1
Question 3.3. The probability that an event will occur is written as follows (Points : 2)  P=1
  P(E)
  P(E-1)
  P(not E)
Question 4.4. Probability values are (Points : 2)  always more than 1.0
  always positive numbers
  only calculated for one-tailed tests
  always expressed as a fraction
Question 5.5. What proportion of a normal distribution is located in the tale beyond a Z score of +1.00? (Points : 2)  0.8413
  0.1587
  0.168
  0.3174
Question 6.6. A random sample requires that (Points : 2)  every individual has an equal chance of being selected
  individuals are selected from a convenience group
  no one knows how many people are in the population
  both a and b are correct
Question 7.7. For a population with a mean of 80 and a standard deviation of 10, what is the Z score corresponding to an individual score of 95? (Points : 2)  +0.25
  +0.50
  +0.75
  +1.50
Question 8.8. If the researcher’s alternative hypothesis stated, “females in this test will score higher than males” ____. (Points : 2)  this would be a two-tailed test
  it would be too early to make that statement
  this would be a null hypothesis
  this would be a one-tailed test
Question 9.9. If the null hypothesis stated that Group A results would be the same as Group B, would this represent a one-tailed or two-tailed test? (Points : 2)  One-tailed
  Two-tailed
  it could be either one depending on the groups
  cannot determine without additional information
Question 10.10. For a population with a mean of 80 and a standard deviation of 12, what is the Z score corresponding to an individual score of 92? (Points : 2)  +0.50
  +1.0
  +1.20
  +12.00

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What are the clinical differences and treatment options for Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease?

Type of paper Essay (Any Type)
Subject Healthcare
Number of pages 1
Format of citation APA
Number of cited resources 4
Type of service Editing
Assignment Title: Water management has extraordinary implications for the health of a community (potable water), agriculture and ecological health. To complete this assignment, choose a location where water allocation is an issue. Lake Lanier, GA, water resources in Israel and West Bank, or any appropriate cite is acceptable. Prepare a short paper (about 300 words) on the major issues surrounding the allocation of water in your chosen location and the impact of water on public health. Be sure to include relevant data and citations as appropriate. this is what I wrote ; Jordan has one of the lowest levels of water availability per capita in the world (1). The continues wares in the middles east and with the refugees fleeing to Jordan adding a dramatic population increase, and the population expected to double by 2047, meeting water demand has become even more critical. The U.S has been partnering with the Jordanian government in many programs to resolving the water shortage in the country. Since the 1950’s the USAID/Jordan programs were focusing on infrastructure, expanding and rehabilitating water supply systems (wells, cisterns, springs, irrigation canals), and training hundreds of water experts. In the present time the USAID built and renovated several water networks and wastewater treatment plants, and supported a desalination plant near the Dead Sea to provide additional drinking water to over one million of Amman’s residents (1). One of the largest agricultural and ecological health challenges that Jordan faces today is the inadequacy of water. Definitely, water is the significant feature in the population/resource equation where water resources in Jordan are limited and the country′s population has continued to rise (2). A high rate of natural population growth, combined with massive influxes of refugees, has transformed into an imbalance condition between population and water (2). Jordan is the third-driest country in the world, and more than 600,000 Syrian refugees are now living there alongside their Jordanian neighbors (3). There simply isn’t enough water to go around, and people must ration enough to use for drinking, bathing, and cooking. The lack of sufficient water causes stress, serious health problems, and tension between native Jordanians and Syrian refugees. Many international organizations has been working closely with the local Jordanian agencies to rebuild the aging water system so that both Jordanian and Syrian refugee families have enough clean water to stay healthy. Water availability and quality is a major public health concern as the adequacy and the condition of the water supplies plays a huge factor in sanitation and disease controls. Worldwide public health concerns related to fresh drinking water and its safety from toxic substances, sanitation and accessibility (4). 1- https://www.usaid.gov/jordan/water-and-wastewater-infrastructure 2- https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222136110_Water_shortage_in_Jordan_-_Sustainable_solutions 3- https://www.mercycorps.org/articles/jordan-syria/qa-what-you-need-know-about-water-scarcity-jordan 4- http://panmore.com/water-supply-shortage-human-impact-public-health. The professor said that this is poor paper for the assignment and it has high plagiarism % plagiarism free ″

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On going Project with ME

During Phase 1, each individual will submit their own idea for an innovation along with a model they find useful for evaluating its merits. Each team member is responsible for completing research on various models. While there are several models in circulation for evaluating innovations, such as The Lean StartUp Plan, NOMMAR, SNIFF, and the linear and mental models of innovation, innovators should not feel constrained by any particular model. Feel free to borrow elements from multiple models to develop one that would work best to most effectively evaluate your own innovation.
Teams will then review all of the submissions and choose the most promising idea to pursue. The idea should be selected by application of one of the evaluation models submitted by team members. You will then write a report of 1,500-2,500 words that describes the team’s selection process and identifies the final choice. The report must contain the following components:

A one- or two-paragraph summary of each team member’s idea, a description of the model used to evaluate the idea, and the results of the evaluation. Specifically, the evaluation should identify the merits, drawbacks, and challenges associated with the idea.
Identification of the selected idea for the project accompanied by a description of the model used to evaluate the idea. Include the results of the evaluation, which will serve as the justification for the team’s selection. Preliminarily forecast the most significant challenges that could impede the development of the selected idea.
A project plan that summarizes the roles or tasks assigned to each team member that must be accomplished to complete Phase 2 of the project due in Module 6.
In-text citations from at least five reputable secondary sources. Each person on the team must contribute an article from the research that was completed on innovation implementation/evaluation models.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Refer to the directions in the Student Success Center. Only Word documents can be submitted to Turnitin.

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discuss symptomology, etiology, epidemiology, and treatment protocols

I need this in 24 hours
Assignments in different documents.
asignment 1
In this unit, you examined schizophrenia spectrum disorder as well as substance-related and other addictive disorders. For this assignment, create a PowerPoint presentation that explores schizophrenia as well as one substance-use/addictive condition. Describe symptomology, etiology, epidemiology, and at least two treatment recommendations for each. Your PowerPoint should be a minimum of eight slides (not counting the title and reference slides). Now is your chance to be creative in presentation style, including attractive fonts, backgrounds, and graphics. In addition to your textbook, you must use a minimum of one additional scholarly source. Any information from an outside source that is used should be cited appropriately according to APA style. Please do not use the notes field in PowerPoint to expand on your ideas, but work to make the needed points on each slide in your presentation.
assignment 2
Describe one of the three categories covered in this unit, as well as each associated diagnosis. Be sure to discuss symptomology, etiology, epidemiology, and treatment protocols. Explain treatment barriers involved with treatment in this category. Include a brief explanation of your own reaction to the content of these categories. Ensure your response is original. Your response must be a minimum of 300 words in length. This Unit will describe the neurobiological, sociocultural, and psychological factors implicated in the etiology of eating disorders, as well as the effectiveness of some of the common treatments for this disorder there will be no requirement for citations and references. Be sure to explain fully and exceed the minimum word requirement by at least two good sentences.

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Analysis of a Personality three different theoretical perspectives, Psychology Assignment Homework Help

For this assignment, you will have a chance to put intopractice all you have been learning throughout this course. You willanalyze the personality development of one of the theorists studied inthis course from three different theoretical perspectives.
Choose one of the theorists you have studiedthis term. Use your textbook, the Internet, and the Argosy Universityonline library resources to research the life history of the theorist. Albert Bandura, Julian Rotter, Walter Mischel are the three theorists to choose from PLEASE.
Do the following: 

Describe the major life events of the theorist that you feel influenced his or her personality development.
Describe the cultural influences that had an influence on the chosen theorist’s personality development.
Analyze this person from Freud’s psychoanalytic perspective.
Analyze this person from two other theoretical perspectives studied in this course, except for the trait perspective.
Summarize and present your critical opinion about how well (or not) these theories explain the person.

Write a 5–7-page paper in Word format. ApplyAPA standards to citation of sources. Use the following file namingconvention: LastnameFirstInitial_M5_A1.doc.
By Monday, May 23, 2016, deliver your assignment to the M5: Assignment 1 Dropbox.
Course Project Grading Criteria and Rubric
Assignment 1 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Description of influential life events that shaped the theorist’s personality development.
(Course Objective [CO2])
44
Description of cultural influences on the theorist’s development
(CO3)
44
Analysis of theorist using Freud’s psychoanalytic perspective
(CO2)
48
Analysis of theorist from two other theoretical perspectives
(CO2)
48
Evaluates how well these theories explain the person
(CO 2)
52
Presentation Components:
Organization (16)
Usage and Mechanics (16)
APA Elements (24)
Style (8)
64
Total:
300

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Describe one of the three categories covered in this unit, as well as each associated diagnosis.

assignments in different documents.
asignment 1
In this unit, you examined schizophrenia spectrum disorder as well as substance-related and other addictive disorders. For this assignment, create a PowerPoint presentation that explores schizophrenia as well as one substance-use/addictive condition. Describe symptomology, etiology, epidemiology, and at least two treatment recommendations for each. Your PowerPoint should be a minimum of eight slides (not counting the title and reference slides). Now is your chance to be creative in presentation style, including attractive fonts, backgrounds, and graphics. In addition to your textbook, you must use a minimum of one additional scholarly source. Any information from an outside source that is used should be cited appropriately according to APA style. Please do not use the notes field in PowerPoint to expand on your ideas, but work to make the needed points on each slide in your presentation.
assignment 2
Describe one of the three categories covered in this unit, as well as each associated diagnosis. Be sure to discuss symptomology, etiology, epidemiology, and treatment protocols. Explain treatment barriers involved with treatment in this category. Include a brief explanation of your own reaction to the content of these categories. Ensure your response is original. Your response must be a minimum of 300 words in length. This Unit will describe the neurobiological, sociocultural, and psychological factors implicated in the etiology of eating disorders, as well as the effectiveness of some of the common treatments for this disorder there will be no requirement for citations and references. Be sure to explain fully and exceed the minimum word requirement by at least two good sentences.

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6202-WK8-Discussions | Nursing School Essays

Discussion 1: Contributing to Community Recovery
The damaging effects of disaster on mental health and the increased vulnerability to addiction of survivors are well documented. The most common conditions that follow a disaster are post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression, grief, and an increase in substance abuse and addictive behaviors (Beaudoin, 2011; Cepeda, Valdez, Kaplan, & Hill, 2010; Johnson & Fendrich, 2009).
As a helping professional, it is essential that you become familiar with federal and local regulations that can impact your role in community recovery.
For this Discussion, review the two scenarios below. Choose one of the scenarios and reflect on the ways in which government and community organizations might contribute to the treatment of addiction.
Scenario A: You are the director of a local addiction treatment center in a West Coast metropolitan area that has experienced an earthquake of major magnitude. The earthquake has caused a large loss of life and destruction of property. The entire metropolitan infrastructure is disrupted, including transportation, sanitation, emergency medical care, and power. People are unable to get to work, children are unable to attend school, and people are confused and frightened. Many mental health and substance abuse facilities have been destroyed, so their services will be interrupted for a long time. A large number of citizens are left homeless, without jobs, and are dealing with the trauma of the event and loss of family and friends. The level of destruction is so vast and far reaching that it will be several months to a year before life returns to what the community could consider normal.
Scenario B: You are the director of a local addiction treatment center in a small Midwestern town of 20,000. A tornado has struck the community, cutting a path of destruction through the entire town and causing hundreds of thousands of dollars in property damage. More devastating, the tornado has resulted in a huge loss of life, including the deaths of over 100 children who were in the local elementary school. Many families are left homeless and grieving over the loss of their property, businesses, friends, and loved ones. The loss of such a large number of children has a particularly serious impact on the emotional well-being of the town’s citizens.
·       Post a response to the scenario that you selected.
·       Explain how you might direct your staff or helping professionals at the addiction treatment center to contribute to the community’s recovery.
·       Explain what your goals would be in the community recovery effort.
·       Then, explain how federal and local government regulations might impact an addiction counselor’s ability to contribute to this community’s recovery.
Support your response using the Resources and the current literature.  Needs to be at least 1 page in length.
References (use at least 2)
Johnson, T. P., & Fendrich, M. (2009). Substance use under conditions of uncertainty and trauma: An introduction. Substance Use and Misuse, 44(12), 1661–1664. 
Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (2006). Substance abuse counseling written into federal disaster response bill. Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly, 18(33), 5–6.
Discussion 2: Perceived Crisis Influencing Addiction
Personal crises and increased vulnerability to addictive chemicals and behaviors can stem from any event or situation that a person perceives as intolerable, the key word being perceives. 
In your role as a helping professional, remember that events that seem benign to you may constitute a crisis in a client’s life. If a client perceives himself or herself to be in a crisis, whether you agree or not, the client is probably in a crisis and needs your professional assistance. There are a number of crisis intervention models available, and you should choose the model that seems to be most effective. 
·       Post a description of at least two factors outside an individual’s control that could result in a perceived crisis and explain how that perception may affect propensity toward addiction.
·       Then describe a model of crisis intervention that might be most effective in addressing these factors and explain why.
Support your response using the Resources and the current literature. Needs to be at least 1 page in length.
References (use at least 2)
Johnson, T. P., & Fendrich, M. (2009). Substance use under conditions of uncertainty and trauma: An introduction. Substance Use and Misuse, 44(12), 1661–1664. 
Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (2006). Substance abuse counseling written into federal disaster response bill. Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly, 18(33), 5–6.

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How do the sampling methods and sample sizes vary for the different types of quantitative and qualitative research?

The rigor associated with research differs between qualitative and quantitative research. In quantitative research a study is rigorous when it is reliable and valid. The researcher must maintain adherence to the procedure during data collection and analysis (Lohfield, 2018). Reliability is the degree to which a research instrument produces consistent results. There are a few different methods to test reliability. Stability reliability is tested using test-retest, where the same concept is is tested with the same instrument over time to see if it yields the same results. Equivalence reliability is tested by inter-rater reliability, which is when two people judge their equvalence, and alternate forms, which is a comparison of two instruments to determine their equivalence. Internal consistency is mainly used with scales as a meausuring concept. Validity is how accurate an instrument is at measuring what it is trying to measure. There are four types of validity. Face validity is just looking at the instrument to determine if it looks legitamate. Content validity looks to see if the method has all of the main components ncessary to measure whatever is being measured. Construct validity determines whether the instrument measures the theoretical component it is meant to measure. Criterion related validity is used when a score on a test can be used to predict the persons performance in a different situation.
In qualitative research, maintatining trustworthiness is key to a rigorous study. Trustworthiness is the analogous for rigor in qualitative research (Amankwaa, 2016). Trustowrthiness involves establishing credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. the researcher must also have self awareness, because qualitative research involves interpreting findings, and this may be affected by a researchers biases.
To ensure trustworthiness, I think a researcher having a lot of knowledge of themselves and being aware of this when interpreting data would be key to keep their study rigorous. to increase validity, a researcher should make sure they have a very good research tool. To increase reliability, it is best to use a large sample size in the study.
References
Amankwaa, L. (2016). Creating Protocols for Trustworthiness in Qualitative Research . Journal of Cultural Diversity, 23(3), 121-127
Lohfield, L. (2012). Testing the validity of a scenerio based questionnaire to assess the ethical sensitvity of undergraduate medical students. Medical Teacher, 34(8), 635-642.

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Zimbardo Research Paper | Nursing School Essays

MUST BE NEW AND ORIGINAL WORK NOT GIVEN TO OTHER STUDENTS. Write in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrate ethical scholarship in the accurate representation and attribution of sources; and display accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation. Include citations in the text and references at the end of the document in APA format.PLEASE READ INSTRUCTION CAREFULLY. IN TEXT CITATION AND MUST CITE ALL REFERENCE IN APA FORMAT. MUST ADHERE TO RUBRIC.
View the following segments from the “Classic Studies in Psychology” video:

Stanford Prison Experiment
Rebellion
The Results

Develop a 8-10 slide PowerPoint (with speaker notes)  discussing the impact of Dr. Zimbardo’s study on social psychology.
Include the following in your paper:

The value of the study in relation to social psychology
The relevance of the study in relation to contemporary world issues
The value of the study in relation to humanity as a whole
The problems and ethical concerns the study created
Current safeguards in place to reduce the likelihood of ethical concerns arising in research studies

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