Compare how the models and concepts in your approaches to practice have evolved and developed and how these have tended to change with time
1.1.2 Examine the similarities and differences between different models and concepts
1.1.3 Compare the key psychological theories which influence your practice and why
(E.g. psychodynamic, humanistic/existential, cognitive and behavioural, solution focussed therapy)
1.1.4 Demonstrate your understanding of the following approaches and analyse the key approaches that influence your practice:
Direct suggestions
Indirect suggestions
Metaphors
Ericksonian therapy
Neuro linguistic programming (NLP )
Analytical therapy
Regression therapy
Cognitive behavioural therapy
Solution focussed therapy
Analyse when and why you might use different methods and what the advantages and limitations of might be with reference to individual client needs.
1.2 The learner will demonstrate their understanding of the following core areas of knowledge and how to manage them in practice:
The learner can demonstrate their knowledge of
1.2.1 Psychosis
1.2.2 The Stress response
1.2.3 Conscious and unconscious processes
1.2.4 Induced and spontaneous strong emotional responses (e.g. abreaction) and how to manage these appropriately
1.2.5 Suggestibility tests
1.2.6 Depth scales
1.2.7 Transference and counter-transference
1 2.8 Client resistance
Assessment Guidance
Types of evidence: written,audio question paper, professional discussion
Optional supplementary evidence can include reflective journals or practice logs, audio or video client sessions.
2 Understanding Ethical & Professional Issues
2.1 The learner will demonstrate their understanding of ethical and professional issues and how to manage these in practice.
The learner can:
2.1 Evaluate the key elements of the NCH codes of ethics and practice and professional standards
2.2 Evaluate the scope and limits of your competence as a hypnotherapist including:
2.2.1 The extent of your own remit as a practitioner and the limits of your responsibilities
2.2.2 When and why you might seek advice or involvement from other practitioners or refer on
2.2.3 Where the therapist’s responsibility starts and ends
2.2.4 How your own role relates to other health and social care practitioners
2.3 Evaluate the role of CPD and reflective practice in maintaining professional standards including:
2.3.1 How to evaluate the effectiveness of your own actions and learn from experience
2.3.2 Why it is important to reflect on your own practice and identify any development needs
2.3.3 The importance of maintaining your own development and keeping up to date with current practice in your profession
2.2.4 The importance of formal supervision
2.4 Evaluate the extent and limits of confidentiality in hypnotherapy including:
2.4.1 The importance of recognising and maintaining the client’s right to confidentiality
2.4.2 How to keep records to protect confidentiality and security of information
2.4.3 Legislation relating to obtaining, storing and using information and supplying services
2.4.4 Who has the right of access to information held in records and when might this happen
2.5 Evaluate the legal issues relating to the practice of hypnotherapy including: (Criminal and civil law.)
2.5.1 What circumstances may indicate a need for an escort/presence of a third party
2.5.2 What is meant by “implied” and “informed” consent and the circumstances in which these may arise
2.5.3 When to touch the client and when not
2.6 Evaluate the common ethical dilemmas in the practice of hypnotherapy including:
2.6.1 The problems with guarantees and success rates
2.6.2 The variety of reasons there may be for discontinuing the hypnotherapy treatment programme with the client
2.6.3 How to respond to conflicting advice which clients may receive from different practitioners
Assessment Guidance
Types of evidence: written, audio question paper, professional discussion.
Optional supplementary evidence can include reflective journals or practice logs, audio or video client sessions.
3 Understanding How to Assess & Prepare Clients During the Initial Consultation
3.1 The learner will demonstrate their understanding of the suitability of clients for hypnotherapy.
The learner can analyse
3.1.1 Why it is important to gather sufficient, valid and reliable information from each client at the initial consultation to establish suitability for treatment ( including previous and present care, physical and psychological health)
3.1.2 The circumstances when you may choose not to accept a client.
3.1.3 The circumstances when you must not treat a client
3.1.4 How to recognise conditions for which hypnotherapy is incomplete in itself, is contra indicated and for which the client should seek advice from other sources
3.1.5 How to provide an appropriate assessment environment for the client and the importance of doing so
3.1.6 How to clarify and confirm the client’s (and any companion’s) understanding of the assessment process
3.1.7 The importance of agreeing the logistics (e.g. costs, location, timings) of the hypnotherapy treatments with the client and the factors which may intervene and alter plans
3.2. The learner can analyse how to Interview the client to assess their needs.
The learner can
3.2.1 Select the appropriate assessment method for the client and include a description of the different approaches which may be used (open questioning and closed questioning, direct and non-direct) .
3.2.2 Analyse the subjective unit of distress scales (SUDS) and how might you use them
3.2.3 Analyse and interpret the client’s initial approach and manner and identify their needs
3.2.4 Illicit valid and reliable information about the client, determine its importance and formulate an initial hypothesis
3.2.5 Demonstrate the importance of recording client information accurately and in sufficient detail to use for assessment purposes
3.3 The learner can build rapport and a sound working alliance.
The learner can
3.3.1 Analyse the importance of maintaining a professional appearance
3.3.2 Demonstrate how you ensure a professional approach is apparent from the client’s first contact with you
3.3.3 Analyse the importance of fostering a rapport with your client
3.3.4 Demonstrate how to develop a working alliance with your client
3.3.5 Evaluate how to utilise appropriate self-disclosure
3.3.6 Evaluate how to recognise and overcome barriers to communication
3.3.7 Analyse how to achieve effective communication through observation, sensitive questioning and listening
3.3.8 Analyse what forms of verbal and non-verbal communication are available and how to use these positively
3.3.9 Analyse how to check understanding with the client by reading and using a variety of signals
3.3.10 Demonstrate how to position self and client to encourage communication
3.3.11 Analyse why certain environments can inhibit communication and how to minimise this
3.3.12 Analyse why it is important to encourage the client (and any companion(s)) to ask questions, seek advice and express any concerns
Examine the importance and nature of a professional therapeutic relationship and how to develop it with clients3.3.14 Understand the nature of disability and your role in working with those who have disabilities
3.4 The learner can break down the rationale and explanation for hypnotherapy treatment
The learner can
3.4.1 Explain hypnosis to the client
3.4.2 Examine the role which the client (and others) may take, and may need to take, if the hypnotherapy treatment is to be successful and how to explain and agree this with the client (and any companion(s)
Assessment Guidance
Types of evidence: written, audio question paper, professional discussion
Optional supplementary evidence can include reflective journals or practice logs, audio or video client sessions.
4 Understanding How to Plan & Deliver Hypnotherapy Treatment
4.1 The learner will design a treatment plan and agree it with the client.
The learner can
4.1.1 Examine the importance of agreeing aims and goals with the client
4.1.2 Analyse how to select appropriate interventions and techniques from the range of resources and options available to meet the client’s particular needs
Examine how feedback from the client can be utilised to amend the treatment programmeThe learner will deliver hypnotic inductions and related techniques.
The learner can
4.2.1 Demonstrate your knowledge of the use of a range of direct and indirect inductions, both formal and informal such as confusion, eye fixation, fractionalisation, trigger, metaphoric and physical induction techniques and show when it is appropriate to the treatment.
Demonstrate the correct use of the appropriate techniques
The learner will demonstrate how to terminate trance and bring a session to a close.
The learner can teach and assign tasks between sessions
The learner can
4.4.1 Examine how to judge and initiate what tasks and self care might be appropriate for a client between sessions and when this is appropriate including self-hypnosis
ssessment Guidance
Types of evidence – written or audio question paper, case studies, professional discussion.
Optional supplementary evidence can include reflective journals or practice logs, audio or video client sessions.
Case Studies
Using a minimum of 800 words for each of the following, explain how you would work with the client. Your findings should ideally take the form of a fictitious case study. Specifically you should look to evidence:
What information would you gather?What interventions would you use?What problems, if any, could you foresee?

HE320 Medical Sociology
Directions: Be sure to make an electronic copy of your answer before submitting it to Ashworth College for grading. Unless otherwise stated, answer in complete sentences, and be sure to use correct English spelling and grammar. Sources must be cited in APA format. Your response should be three (3) to six (6) pages in length; refer to the “Assignment Format” page for specific format requirements.
In Lessons 1-4, you have learned a great deal of information on theoretical explanations of the sociology of health, illness, and health care. This written assignment will allow you to provide practical application of concepts learned from Lessons 1-4. This written assignment contains two parts. In the first part, you will combine the questions presented for lessons 1-4. Please see list of questions below and provide responses:
Part I
Lesson 1
Please answer the following question in 250 words or more.
What contribution does Parsons’ concept of a sick role make to our understanding of sickness in society? What are the weaknesses of that concept?
Lesson 2
In 250 words or more, answering the following essay question:
Ethnicity affects individuals’ health in many different ways. Compare the effect of ethnicity on health for two ethnic groups (of your choice), summarizing and explaining the similarities and differences between them.
Lesson 3
In 250 words or more, please answer the following question:
Why has HIV/AIDS spread more rapidly in Africa than in the United States? Why has heterosexual transmission played a greater role in Africa?
Lesson 4
Please answer the following question in 250 words or more.
Critique the medical model of mental illness, using evidence from the reading material from lesson 4.
Part II
For part two of the assignment, you are asked to find a newspaper article or peer-reviewed journal article related to material covered in class or in the text and provide a written analysis of the article that explores a medical sociological aspect of the ideas or events depicted within the article. Within your written analysis, you need to identify one of the first four course learning objectives presented in the course and explain how this learning objective relates to the article selected. When selecting your article, please make sure the article identifies one of the subjects discussed within lessons one through four. Response should be a minimum of two pages long, submitted according to APA guidelines with applicable reference page and title page (title page and reference page not included in page count).
The four course learning objectives are provided below:
Identify and explore the socio-cultural aspects of health and illness, specifically as relating to the definitions of health, illness, behavior, and social epidemiology.
Describe and examine the social causes of disease and illness and vaccinations due to race, clan, and ethnicity.
Explore the health professions and health institutions from the broader perspectives provided by theory and research in the sociology of occupations and complex organizations.
Identify the forces within the health care field and society as a whole that leads to increased government participation in the delivery of health care including the nature of health maintenance organizations and managed care.
Grading Rubric
Please refer to the rubric on the next page for the grading criteria for this assignment.

I. Delineation and Overview of the Policy under Analysis
A. What is the specific policy or general policy area to be analyzed?
B. What is the nature of the problem being targeted by the policy?1. How is the problem defined?2. For whom who is it a problem?
C. What is the context of the policy being analyzed (i.e., how does this specific policy fit with other policies seeking to manage a social problem)?
D. Choice Analysis (i.e., what is the design of programs created by a policy and what are II. alternatives to this design?)1. What are the base of allocation?2. What are the types of social provisions?3. What are the strategies for delivery of benefits?4. What are the methods of financing these provisions?
Historical Analysis
A. What policies and programs were previously developed to deal with the problem? In other words, how has this problem been dealt with in the past?
B. How has the specific policy/program under analysis developed over time?1. What people, or groups of people, initiated and/or promoted the policy?2. What people, or groups of people, opposed the policy?
C. What does history tell us about effective/ineffective approaches to the problem being III. addressed?
D. To what extent does the current policy/program incorporate the lessons of history?
Social Analysis
A. Problem description
1. How complete is our knowledge of the problem?
2. Are our efforts to deal with the problem in accord with research findings?
3. What population is affected by the problem?a. Sizeb. Defining characteristicsc. Destribution
4. What theory or theories of human behavior are explicit or, more likely, implicit in the policy?
5. What are major social values related to the problem and what value conflictsexist?
6. What are the goals of the policy under analysis?
1. Manifest (stated) goals
2. Latent (unstated) goals
3. Degree of consensus regarding goals OBAMA HEALTHCARE
7. What are the hypotheses implicit or explicit in the statement of the problem andIV. goals?
Economic Analysis
A. What are the effects and/or potential effects of the policy on the functioning of the economy as a whole- output, income, inflation, unemployment, and so forth?( macroeconomic analysis)
B. What are the effects and/or potential effects of the policy on the behavior of individuals, firms, and markets-motivation to work, cost of rent, supply of V. commodities, etc.? (microeconomic analysis)
C. Opportunity cost: cost/benefit analysisPolitical Analysis
A. Who are the major stakeholders regarding this particular policy/programs?1. What is the power base of the policy/program’s supporters?2. What is the power base of the policy/program’s opponents?3. How well are the policy/program’s intended beneficiaries represented in the ongoing development and implementation of the policy/program?
B. How has the policy/program been legitimized? In this basis for legitimation still current?
C. To what extent is the policy/program an example of rational decision making, VI. VII. incremental change, or of change brought about by conflict?
D. What are the political aspects of the implementation of the policy/program?
Policy/Program Evaluation
A. What are the outcomes of the policy/program in relation to the stated goals?B. What are the unintended consequences of the policy/program?C. Is the policy/program cost effective?

Literature Support Details: To begin, work through the reference list that was created in the “Section B: Problem Description” assignment in Topic 2. Appraise each resource using the “Rapid Critical Appraisal Checklists,” available in the textbook appendix. The specific checklist you use will be determined by the type of evidence within the resource. Develop a research table to organize and summarize the research studies. Using a summary table allows you to be more concise in your narrative description. Only research studies used to support your intervention are summarized in this table. Refer to the “Evaluation Table Template,” available in the textbook appendix. Use the “Evaluation Table Template” as an adaptable template. Write a narrative of 750-1,000 words (not including the title page and references) that presents the research support for the projects problem and proposed solution. Make sure to do the following: Include a description of the search method (e.g., databases, keywords, criteria for inclusion and exclusion, and number of studies that fit your criteria).
Summarize all of the research studies used as evidence. The essential components of each study need to be described so that readers can evaluate its scientific merit, including study strengths and limitations. Incorporate a description of the validity of the internal and external research. It is essential to make sure that the research support for the proposed solution is sufficient, compelling, relevant, and from peer-reviewed professional journal articles. Although you will not be submitting the checklist information or the evaluation table you design in Topic 3 with the narrative, the checklist information and evaluation table should be placed in the appendices for the final paper. Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center. Upon receiving feedback from the instructor, refine “Section C: Literature Support” for your final submission. This will be a continuous process throughout the course for each section.